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Rate-programmed drug delivery systems (DDS) are designed to release drugs at specific, controlled rates to maintain consistent therapeutic levels. These systems are categorized based on their release mechanisms, including dissolution-controlled DDS, diffusion-controlled DDS, and combined dissolution-diffusion-controlled DDS.In dissolution-controlled DDS, the release rate depends on the slow dissolution of the drug itself or the surrounding matrix. Drugs with inherently slow dissolution rates,...
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Controlled-release systems for intravaginal and intrauterine drug delivery have been developed primarily for the administration of contraceptive steroid hormones. These delivery routes circumvent first-pass hepatic metabolism, thereby enhancing bioavailability and allowing for reduced systemic dosages compared to oral administration. Such approaches contribute to improved therapeutic efficacy and patient compliance, particularly in long-term contraceptive regimens.Intravaginal Drug Delivery...
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Stimuli-activated drug delivery systems are designed to release drugs in response to specific physical, chemical, or biological stimuli. These systems often utilize hydrogels—three-dimensional, hydrophilic polymer networks capable of swelling in aqueous environments and retaining significant fluid volumes. Upon exposure to particular stimuli, these hydrogels undergo structural transitions that allow the embedded drug to be released. Due to this adaptive behavior, such systems are also...
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Rate-programmed drug delivery systems release drugs in a controlled manner to maintain therapeutic levels. Three main designs include reservoir, matrix, and hybrid systems.Reservoir systems consist of a drug core enclosed within a membrane that controls drug release. In non-swelling reservoir systems, polymers like ethyl cellulose or polymethacrylates are used. These do not hydrate in aqueous media and control release through membrane thickness, porosity, or insolubility. This type includes...
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Related Experiment Video

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Silicon oxide based materials for controlled release in orthopedic procedures.

Haibo Qu1, Sanjib Bhattacharyya1, Paul Ducheyne1

  • 1Center for Bioactive Materials and Tissue Engineering, Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.

Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews
|June 3, 2015
PubMed
Summary

Silica-based materials show excellent bone tissue response and can be engineered with nanoscale porosity for controlled release applications. This review covers silica forms, release mechanisms, orthopedic uses, and biocompatibility for advanced bone tissue engineering.

Keywords:
BoneControlled releaseSilica

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Orthopedic Engineering
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • Silica-based materials are recognized for their positive interactions with bone tissue.
  • Nanoscale porosity enhances silica materials for controlled release functionalities.
  • These advancements significantly broaden applications in orthopedics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review silica-based controlled release materials for orthopedic applications.
  • To discuss various chemical and physical forms of these materials.
  • To explore release mechanisms, orthopedic applications, and biocompatibility.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of silica-based materials in bone tissue engineering.
  • Analysis of nanoscale porosity effects on controlled release.
  • Synthesis of information on release kinetics and biocompatibility.

Main Results:

  • Silica materials with nanoscale porosity offer versatile platforms for controlled drug delivery in orthopedics.
  • Diverse chemical and physical forms of silica exist, each with unique release profiles.
  • Biocompatibility is a key factor for successful orthopedic integration.

Conclusions:

  • Silica-based nanomaterials are promising for orthopedic applications due to their bone integration and controlled release capabilities.
  • Further research into specific silica formulations and release mechanisms will optimize their use.
  • Nanoporous silica holds significant potential for advancing orthopedic treatments and bone regeneration.