Influence of androgens on the genital tract of cyclic heifers

Cyclic heifers were implanted with the synthetic androgen trenbolone acetate (TBA = 17 beta-hydroxy-19-norandrosta-4, 9, 11-trien-3-on-17 beta-acetate, C2OH2403) (for formulas see Fig. 1). The influence of this androgen on the macroscopic and microscopic morphology of the genital tract was studied. The most striking result was the induction of polycystic ovaries. The clitoris was markedly enlarged and the cervix showed an increased amount of mucus. Microscopically, extensive folding of the cervical epithelium, consisting of tall swollen columnar cells with basal nuclei was seen. The vagina showed an increase of PAS-positive granules in the superficial layer of the epithelium, while there was no increase in the height of the epithelium. These effects are due to androgenic influence on the female genital tract and are in no case specific to one particular product. They could be of help in the detection of the illegal use of agents with androgenic activity.