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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 11, 2026

Modeling Ascending Vaginal Infection, Preterm Birth, and Neonatal Morbidity in Mice
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Differences in risk factors for recurrent versus incident preterm delivery.

Katherine L Grantz, Stefanie N Hinkle, Pauline Mendola

    American Journal of Epidemiology
    |June 3, 2015
    PubMed
    Summary

    Prior preterm delivery history significantly alters risk factors for subsequent preterm birth. Some common risk factors, like smoking, may not increase risk for recurrent preterm delivery, while others, like alcohol use, become more significant.

    Keywords:
    birth intervalspremature birthreproductive history

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    Area of Science:

    • Obstetrics and Gynecology
    • Reproductive Epidemiology
    • Maternal-Fetal Medicine

    Background:

    • Understanding preterm delivery risk factors is crucial for prevention.
    • Limited knowledge exists on how prior preterm delivery history modifies these risks.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate if known preterm delivery risk factors differ between women with and without a history of prior preterm delivery.
    • To determine if risk factor associations change for incident versus recurrent preterm delivery.

    Main Methods:

    • Analysis of medical records from 25,820 Utah women's first and second singleton deliveries (2002-2010).
    • Utilized longitudinal transition models with modified Poisson regression.
    • Calculated adjusted relative risks and confidence intervals, assessing interactions between risk factors and prior preterm delivery status.

    Main Results:

    • Fewer second pregnancy factors were associated with recurrent preterm delivery compared to incident preterm delivery.
    • Smoking increased incident preterm delivery risk but not recurrent risk.
    • Alcohol use increased recurrent preterm delivery risk but not incident risk, indicating a significant interaction.

    Conclusions:

    • Prior preterm delivery history is a critical factor in assessing subsequent preterm delivery risks.
    • Many established risk factors do not persist or have altered associations in women with a history of preterm birth.
    • Previous term delivery does not guarantee protection against second pregnancy preterm delivery risk factors.