Detection of Majorana fermions by Fano resonance in hybrid nanostructures

The realization and detection of Majorana fermions in condensed matter systems are of considerable importance and interest. We propose a scheme to detect the Majorana fermions by Fano resonance in hybrid nanostructures made of semiconductor quantum dots and quantum wire in proximity to superconductor. Through detailed theoretical studies of the transport properties of our hybrid nanostructures based on the non-equilibrium Green's function technique and the equation of motion approach, it is found that the Fano resonance in the current response due to the interference among different transmission paths may give clear signature of the existence of Majorana modes. Moreover, we have found a peculiar relationship between the Fano factor q and the Majorana bound state coupling strength/the length of nanowire, which can be used for a design of an electronic nanoruler. Our method of detection of Majorana fermions based on Fano resonance is related to the global conductance profile, thus is robust to perturbations.