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Disaster nephrology: a new concept for an old problem.

Mehmet Sukru Sever1, Norbert Lameire2, Wim Van Biesen3

  • 1Department of Internal Medicine/Nephrology , Istanbul School of Medicine , Istanbul , Turkey.

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|June 3, 2015
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Disaster nephrology addresses critical kidney care challenges during mass disasters. Preparing medical and logistic scenarios is vital to minimize deaths in acute kidney injury and chronic kidney disease patients.

Keywords:
AKIacute tubular necrosischronic renal failuredialysisrhabdomyolysis

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Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Disaster Medicine
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Mass disasters significantly impact populations, often neglecting essential healthcare needs.
  • Acute and chronic kidney diseases (CKD) pose particular challenges due to complex treatment requirements and drug scarcity.
  • The concept of 'renal disaster' emerged following the Armenian earthquake, highlighting the critical need for dialysis in crush victims.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce and define 'disaster nephrology' as a specialized field.
  • To emphasize the multifaceted nature of kidney injury in disaster settings, encompassing acute kidney injury (AKI) and management of CKD patients.
  • To advocate for preparedness in disaster nephrology to mitigate post-disaster chaos and improve patient outcomes.

Main Methods:

  • Review of terminology evolution: 'renal disaster,' 'seismonephrology,' and 'disaster nephrology.'
  • Identification of diverse etiologies of AKI in disaster circumstances beyond crush syndrome.
  • Emphasis on the comprehensive management of all kidney disease patients, including those on renal replacement therapy and transplant recipients.

Main Results:

  • Disaster nephrology encompasses medical and logistical challenges in treating kidney patients during crises.
  • Preparedness through medical and logistic scenarios can prevent post-disaster chaos.
  • The principles of disaster nephrology are crucial for reducing mortality in AKI and CKD patients.

Conclusions:

  • Disaster nephrology is essential for managing kidney patients in challenging circumstances.
  • Proactive planning and scenario preparation are key to effective disaster response for kidney health.
  • Implementing disaster nephrology principles can significantly improve survival rates for vulnerable kidney patients.