Natural Product Primary Sulfonamides and Primary Sulfamates

Area of Science:

• Medicinal Chemistry
• Natural Product Chemistry
• Organic Chemistry

Background:

• Primary sulfonamide and primary sulfamate motifs are prevalent in U.S. FDA-approved pharmaceuticals.
• These zinc-binding functional groups are notably scarce in natural product structures.
• Only seven such natural products have been reported: two primary sulfonamides and five primary sulfamates.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the discovery and isolation of rare natural products containing primary sulfonamide and sulfamate groups.
• To explore the diverse bioactivities associated with these compounds.
• To summarize their total synthesis, where applicable.

Main Methods:

• Literature review of natural product isolation and characterization.
• Compilation of bioactivity data from reported studies.
• Review of synthetic strategies for total synthesis.

Main Results:

• The review identifies two primary sulfonamide and five primary sulfamate natural products.
• These compounds were isolated from a marine sponge and Streptomyces species.
• A broad spectrum of biological activities has been reported for these natural products.

Conclusions:

• Primary sulfonamide and sulfamate natural products are rare but possess significant bioactivity.
• Further exploration of natural sources may yield more examples of these valuable chemotypes.
• Synthetic efforts highlight the accessibility and potential of these drug-like molecules.