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Updated: Apr 11, 2026
Network Analysis of Foramen Ovale Electrode Recordings in Drug-resistant Temporal Lobe Epilepsy Patients
Published on: December 18, 2016
Future of seizure prediction and intervention: closing the loop
Vivek Nagaraj1, Steven T Lee, Esther Krook-Magnuson
1*Graduate Program in Neuroscience, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; †Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN; ‡Department of Anatomy & Neurobiology, University of California, Irvine, CA; §INSERM U1099 LTSI, University of Rennes 1, Rennes, France; and ‖Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN.
Abstract:
The ultimate goal of epilepsy therapies is to provide seizure control for all patients while eliminating side effects. Improved specificity of intervention through on-demand approaches may overcome many of the limitations of current intervention strategies. This article reviews the progress in seizure prediction and detection, potential new therapies to provide improved specificity, and devices to achieve these ends. Specifically, we discuss (1) potential signal modalities and algorithms for seizure detection and prediction, (2) closed-loop intervention approaches, and (3) hardware for implementing these algorithms and interventions. Seizure prediction and therapies maximize efficacy, whereas minimizing side effects through improved specificity may represent the future of epilepsy treatments.
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