Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 11, 2026

Screening Bioactive Nanoparticles in Phagocytic Immune Cells for Inhibitors of Toll-like Receptor Signaling
09:51

Screening Bioactive Nanoparticles in Phagocytic Immune Cells for Inhibitors of Toll-like Receptor Signaling

Published on: July 26, 2017

13.1K

Toll like receptors and pancreatic diseases: From a pathogenetic mechanism to a therapeutic target

Matteo Santoni1, Kalliopi Andrikou1, Valeria Sotte1

  • 1Clinica di Oncologia Medica, AOU "Ospedali Riuniti", Università Politecnica delle Marche, via Conca 71, 60126 Ancona, Italy.

Cancer Treatment Reviews
|June 4, 2015
PubMed

Insights

Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are key in pancreatic diseases like diabetes and cancer. Modulating TLRs offers promising therapeutic strategies for these conditions.

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Endocrinology
  • Oncology

Background:

  • Toll-like receptors (TLRs) link environmental factors to innate immunity.
  • TLRs are implicated in the pathogenesis of various pancreatic diseases, including diabetes and cancer.
  • Specific TLRs (TLR2, TLR7, TLR9, TLR4) are associated with type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the role of TLRs in pancreatic diseases, encompassing diabetes and cancer.
  • To highlight the impact of TLRs on tumor suppressor proteins and cellular processes relevant to cancer.
  • To discuss recent advancements in TLR-targeting therapies for pancreatic conditions.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review focusing on the involvement of TLRs in pancreatic diseases.
  • Analysis of TLRs' contribution to diabetes mellitus (T1DM and T2DM) pathogenesis.
  • Examination of TLR-induced molecular changes, including tumor suppressor protein derangements and epithelial-mesenchymal transition.

Main Results:

  • TLRs are critical in initiating both type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus.
  • TLRs disrupt tumor suppressor proteins (p16, p21, p27, p53, pRb) and activate STAT3.
  • TLRs promote epithelial-mesenchymal transition and oncogene-induced senescence, contributing to pancreatic cancer development.

Conclusions:

  • TLRs play a significant role in the development and progression of pancreatic diseases, including cancer.
  • Targeting TLRs presents a viable therapeutic avenue for managing pancreatic diseases.
  • Further research into TLR modulation holds promise for improved patient outcomes in pancreatic cancer and diabetes.
Keywords:
DiabetesInflammationPancreatic Ductal AdenocarcinomaPancreatitisToll like receptors

More Related Videos

A Method for Mouse Pancreatic Islet Isolation and Intracellular cAMP Determination12:33

A Method for Mouse Pancreatic Islet Isolation and Intracellular cAMP Determination

Published on: June 25, 2014

66.4K
Flow Cytometry-Based Isolation and Therapeutic Evaluation of Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocytes in a Mouse Model of Pancreatic Cancer07:55

Flow Cytometry-Based Isolation and Therapeutic Evaluation of Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocytes in a Mouse Model of Pancreatic Cancer

Published on: January 17, 2025

2.0K

Related Concept Videos

Transducer Mechanism: Enzyme-Linked Receptors01:27

Transducer Mechanism: Enzyme-Linked Receptors

Enzyme-linked receptors are cell-surface receptors acting as an enzyme or associating with an enzyme intracellularly. They make excellent drug targets. Drugs can bind to the extracellular ligand-binding domain or directly affect their enzymatic domain and alter their activity.
Major types that are helpful drug targets include:
5.0K
Chronic Pancreatitis I: Introduction01:24

Chronic Pancreatitis I: Introduction

The pancreas, an elongated and flat gland situated behind the stomach, serves a vital function in digesting food and managing blood sugar levels.
Pancreatitis is the inflammation of the pancreas, which occurs when the immune system becomes active and causes swelling, pain, and disruptions in organ function. Pancreatitis can manifest as either an acute or chronic condition.
Acute pancreatitis arises suddenly and lasts for a brief duration, while chronic pancreatitis is a long-term affliction...
922
Glucagon-like Receptor Agonists01:24

Glucagon-like Receptor Agonists

Incretins include glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP), which stimulate insulin secretion post-meals. In type 2 diabetes, GIP's efficacy is reduced, making GLP-1 a viable drug target. GIP originates from preproGIP.
GLP-1, when administered in high doses intravenously, triggers insulin secretion, inhibits glucagon release, slows gastric emptying, reduces food intake, and restores normal insulin secretion. However, its rapid inactivation by...
1.4K
G Protein-coupled Receptors01:15

G Protein-coupled Receptors

G Protein-Coupled Receptors or GPCRs are membrane-bound receptors that transiently associate with heterotrimeric G proteins and induce an appropriate response to sensory stimuli such as light, odors, hormones, cytokines, or neurotransmitters.
GPCRs are also called heptahelical, 7TM, or serpentine receptors, and consist of seven (H1-H7) transmembrane alpha-helices that span the bilayer to form a cylindrical core. The transmembrane helices are connected by three extracellular loops and three...
19.9K
Pharmacogenomics: Identification of New Drug Targets01:29

Pharmacogenomics: Identification of New Drug Targets

Advances in genomics have profoundly influenced drug discovery by increasing both the speed and accuracy of pharmaceutical development. Pharmacogenomics, which examines how genetic variation influences drug response, facilitates the identification of novel therapeutic targets and enables patient stratification for personalized treatment. These strategies contribute to improved drug efficacy, minimized adverse effects, and more efficient clinical trial design.Mapping genetic differences...
91
Insulin: The Receptor and Signaling Pathways01:28

Insulin: The Receptor and Signaling Pathways

Insulin action is mediated through a receptor tyrosine kinase, akin to the IGF-1 receptor. The number of receptors per cell varies significantly, from 40 on erythrocytes to 300,000 on adipocytes and hepatocytes. The insulin receptor consists of linked α/β subunit dimers, forming a heterotetramer glycoprotein with two extracellular α subunits and two β subunits spanning the membrane. The α subunits inhibit the inherent tyrosine kinase activity of the β subunits, but...
6.3K