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Related Concept Videos

Personality Disorders: Paranoid and Schizoid01:22

Personality Disorders: Paranoid and Schizoid

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Personality disorders represent enduring cognition, affect, and behavior patterns that significantly deviate from societal norms. These maladaptive traits often lead to difficulties in various domains, including interpersonal relationships, occupational settings, and overall psychological well-being. Paranoid personality disorder and schizoid personality disorder are two distinct conditions marked by odd or eccentric behavior.
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Antisocial Personality Disorder01:24

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Antisocial personality disorder is a chronic mental health condition characterized by persistent patterns of disregard for the rights and well-being of others. Individuals with antisocial personality disorder exhibit behaviors that include deceitfulness, impulsivity, irresponsibility, aggression, and a profound lack of empathy. These traits often manifest early in life and persist into adulthood, leading to significant personal, social, and legal consequences.
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Personality Disorders: Narcissistic and Avoidant01:26

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Narcissistic and avoidant personality traits represent two contrasting patterns of behavior that significantly influence social interactions and self-perception. While individuals with narcissistic disorder seek admiration and validation, individuals with avoidant personality disorder withdraw due to fear of judgment.
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Conduct Disorder01:28

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Conduct disorder is a complex mental health diagnosis characterized by a repetitive and persistent pattern of behavior that violates societal norms, the rights of others, or age-appropriate rules. The diagnostic criteria for conduct disorder require the presence of at least three problematic behaviors within the past 12 months, with at least one occurring in the past six months. These behaviors are grouped into four categories: aggression toward people and animals; destruction of property;...
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Personality Disorders: Dependent and Obsessive-Compulsive01:24

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Dependent personality disorder and obsessive-compulsive personality disorder are two separate psychological conditions that influence behavior, relationships, and overall life functioning. Though both involve maladaptive behaviors, their core characteristics and motivations differ significantly.
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Dark Triad and Person Perception01:29

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Person perception is influenced by both external behaviors and the observer’s internal characteristics, including personality traits. Individuals with dark personality traits, comprising psychopathy, Machiavellianism, and narcissism — collectively known as the dark triad – exhibit manipulative and exploitative tendencies in social contexts. These traits affect how they perceive others and how they are perceived.The Role of Dark Personality Traits in Person PerceptionBlack et...
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THE OFFENDER PERSONALITY DISORDER PATHWAY: RISKING REHABILITATION?

Leon McRae1

  • 1Birmingham Law School, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK l.mcrae@bham.ac.uk.

Medical Law Review
|June 4, 2015
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Offenders with severe personality disorder engage in treatment only when it expedites parole. New sentencing laws may reduce engagement, potentially increasing psychiatric hospital transfers.

Keywords:
Decision-makingHuman rightsMental Health Act 1983Preventive detentionRiskSevere personality disorder

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Area of Science:

  • Forensic Psychiatry
  • Clinical Psychology
  • Criminology

Background:

  • Over a decade of treatment refusal by 'risky' offenders in high-security units.
  • Government initiative to improve treatment engagement by clarifying release pathways.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess if proposed reforms will end reliance on preventive detention for public protection.
  • To investigate factors influencing treatment engagement in offenders with severe personality disorder.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of original empirical data collected by the author.
  • Review of legal frameworks including the Legal Aid, Sentencing and Punishment of Offenders Act 2012 and the Mental Health Act 1983.

Main Results:

  • Offenders with severe personality disorder engage with treatment primarily when it increases chances of expedited parole.
  • The replacement of the Indeterminate Sentence for Public Protection with determinate sentences may worsen treatment engagement.
  • Potential for increased reliance on the Secretary of State for Justice's jurisdiction for transfers to secure psychiatric hospitals.

Conclusions:

  • Current reforms may inadvertently increase reliance on secure psychiatric hospital transfers.
  • A new hybrid sentencing order combining custody with community mental health treatment is proposed.
  • Judicial imposition of hybrid orders could counter limitations of risk-focused decision-making.