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Related Concept Videos

Atypical Pneumonia01:14

Atypical Pneumonia

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Atypical pneumonia, often caused by Mycoplasma pneumoniae, is a form of pulmonary infection that differs from the classical presentation of bacterial pneumonia in both its cause and clinical symptoms. Mycoplasma pneumoniae is a pleomorphic bacterium notable for its lack of a rigid cell wall. This structural characteristic imparts resistance to beta-lactam antibiotics and significantly influences the bacterium’s behavior within the human host.Other pathogens responsible for the disease...
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Pneumonia I: Introduction01:30

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Pneumonia is an acute respiratory infection that targets the lungs, specifically the alveoli. These tiny air sacs, essential for oxygen exchange, become engorged with pus and fluid, severely hindering breathing, decreasing oxygen absorption, and causing significant pain and discomfort during respiration.
Risk Factors
Various factors influence the likelihood of developing pneumonia. Age plays a crucial role, with infants, children under two, and individuals over 65 at increased risk due to their...
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Pneumonia II: Pathophysiology01:29

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The pathophysiology of pneumonia involves the following steps:
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Pulmonary Tuberculosis I01:29

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Tuberculosis, often called TB, is a contagious illness primarily caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It mainly affects the lung parenchyma but can also impact other body parts.
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Pulmonary Tuberculosis II01:28

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Tuberculosis, or TB, is a bacterial infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. While its primary impact is on the lungs, leading to pulmonary tuberculosis, it can also affect various other organs, a condition referred to as extrapulmonary tuberculosis.
Here is a detailed explanation of its pathophysiology:
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Pneumonia III: Complications and Assessment01:30

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Pneumonia poses the potential for numerous complications that warrant consideration. These complications include the following:
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Updated: Apr 11, 2026

Antigen-Capture Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay for Specific Detection of Mycoplasma pneumoniae
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[Mycobacterium simiae pneumonia: a case report].

C Garcia Hejl1, F Rivière2, N Sanmartin1

  • 1Fédération de Biologie, HIA Percy, 101, avenue Henri Barbusse, 92140 Clamart, France.

Medecine Et Sante Tropicales
|June 4, 2015
PubMed
Summary

A 55-year-old immunocompetent woman developed Mycobacterium simiae pneumonia after traveling in Thailand. This rare case highlights the need to consider non-tuberculous mycobacteria in pulmonary disease, even without predisposing factors.

Keywords:
Mycobacterium simiaeThailandimmunocompetentpneumonia

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Area of Science:

  • Pulmonology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Microbiology

Background:

  • Non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) are increasingly recognized as causes of pulmonary disease.
  • Mycobacterium simiae is an NTM rarely associated with lung infections, particularly in immunocompetent individuals.

Observation:

  • A 55-year-old immunocompetent woman presented with pneumonia following a stay in Thailand.
  • Diagnosis was confirmed by isolating Mycobacterium simiae from bronchoalveolar lavage fluid via culture, biochemical, and molecular identification.

Findings:

  • The patient initially responded to treatment, remaining stable for five years.
  • A relapse occurred in the sixth year, necessitating a new treatment regimen.

Implications:

  • This case underscores that Mycobacterium simiae can cause pulmonary disease in immunocompetent hosts.
  • It emphasizes the importance of considering NTM, including M. simiae, in the differential diagnosis of pneumonia, especially in travelers.
  • The findings suggest a need for increased awareness of M. simiae as a potential pathogen in respiratory infections.