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Related Concept Videos

Psychosis and Antipsychotic Drugs: Overview01:28

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The term "psychosis" refers to a spectrum of mental disorders characterized by abnormal thoughts, perceptions, and behaviors. It can manifest as mood disorders, dementia, delirium with psychotic features, substance-induced psychosis with psychotic features, brief psychotic disorder, delusional disorder, schizoaffective disorder, and schizophrenia. Among all these disorders, schizophrenia is the most common psychotic disorder, affecting 1% of the worldwide population. Psychotic...
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Psychosis: Pathophysiology of Schizophrenia and Other Psychotic Disorders01:27

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Schizophrenia is a neurodevelopmental disorder whose origins are rooted in complex genetic components. Despite our burgeoning understanding, the pathophysiology of this disorder remains incompletely deciphered.
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Schizophrenia01:17

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Schizophrenia, a term introduced by Swiss psychiatrist Eugen Bleuler in 1911, describes a severe psychological disorder marked by profound disruptions in attention, thought processes, language, emotion, and interpersonal relationships. The core feature of schizophrenia is psychosis — a state characterized by a fundamental detachment from reality. This disconnection manifests through distorted logic, impaired perception, and atypical behavior, severely affecting the lives of those...
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Psychosis: Goals of Pharmacotherapy01:26

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Antipsychotic drugs are a crucial treatment method for acute and chronic psychoses, bipolar illness, and behavioral disorders. The selection of these drugs depends on several factors, including the state of the disease, clinical judgment, possible drug interactions, and the patient's sensitivity to adverse effects. In immediate scenarios, such as delirium and dementia, short-term treatment with low doses of high-potency typical or atypical agents can effectively manage symptom exacerbation.
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Positive Symptoms Schizophrenia: Hallucinations and Delusions01:26

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Schizophrenia is a complex psychiatric disorder characterized by a range of symptoms that significantly impact cognition, behavior, and emotional regulation. Among these, the positive symptoms stand out as they involve the addition or exaggeration of normal mental functions, deviating markedly from typical behavior and perception. Hallucinations and delusions are prominent positive symptoms, each profoundly affecting the individual's experience of reality.
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Personality Disorders: Paranoid and Schizoid01:22

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Personality disorders represent enduring cognition, affect, and behavior patterns that significantly deviate from societal norms. These maladaptive traits often lead to difficulties in various domains, including interpersonal relationships, occupational settings, and overall psychological well-being. Paranoid personality disorder and schizoid personality disorder are two distinct conditions marked by odd or eccentric behavior.
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Psychosis.

David B Arciniegas

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    This summary is machine-generated.

    This review defines psychosis and discusses the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5) updates for psychotic disorders. It summarizes current evidence-based strategies for evaluating and managing primary and secondary psychoses.

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    Area of Science:

    • Neurology
    • Psychiatry

    Background:

    • Psychosis is a prevalent and impairing symptom across various medical and psychiatric conditions.
    • Effective evaluation and treatment are crucial in neurologic and psychiatric practice.

    Observation:

    • The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5) classifies primary psychotic disorders on a spectrum, from schizoid personality disorder to schizophrenia.
    • Psychosis is viewed as one dimension of neuropsychiatric disturbance, alongside motor, negative, cognitive, and emotional symptoms.

    Findings:

    • The DSM-5's dimensional approach aligns the neurobiology of primary psychoses with that of psychosis in other neurologic conditions.
    • Hallucinations and delusions are linked to neural systems involved in perception and information processing.

    Implications:

    • This review offers neurologists updated diagnostic, evaluative, and therapeutic guidance for primary and secondary psychoses.
    • Understanding the spectrum and dimensional nature of psychosis is key for comprehensive patient care.