[Evaluation and treatment of prosthetic hip dislocation]

Area of Science:

• Orthopedic Surgery
• Biomedical Engineering

Context:

• Hip dislocation is the second most frequent complication following total hip arthroplasty (THA).
• It occurs in 2.4-3.9% of primary THA and up to 28% in revision surgeries.
• Dislocations are categorized as early, middle, or late, with early cases often manageable non-surgically.

Purpose:

• To review the classification, diagnosis, and treatment of hip dislocations after THA.
• To highlight the significance of prosthetic component orientation in preventing recurrent instability.
• To discuss surgical options for managing THA dislocations, including component adjustment and constrained implants.

Summary:

• Diagnosis of dislocated hip is typically straightforward, with closed reduction being the initial management step.
• Recurrent instability, a common issue, is often linked to inadequate prosthetic component orientation.
• Treatment options range from modular component changes and trochanteric advancement to constrained components.

Impact:

• Effective management of THA dislocations is crucial for restoring hip function and patient satisfaction.
• Refined surgical techniques, patient selection, and meticulous planning are essential for successful THA outcomes.
• Understanding dislocation causes and treatment strategies improves the long-term success of total hip arthroplasty.