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Bacterial Expression and Purification of Human Matrix Metalloproteinase-3 using Affinity Chromatography
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Gold Nanoparticles Inhibit Matrix Metalloproteases without Cytotoxicity.

M Hashimoto1, J I Sasaki2, S Yamaguchi2

  • 1Department of Biomaterials Science, Osaka University, Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka, Japan masanori-h@mue.biglobe.ne.jp.

Journal of Dental Research
|June 5, 2015
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Gold and platinum nanoparticles inhibit matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) crucial for dental applications. Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) show promise, inhibiting MMPs without causing cytotoxicity or inflammation in macrophages.

Keywords:
adhesivesbiocompatibilitydentalelectron microscopynanotechnologyrestorative dentistry

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Nanotechnology in Dentistry
  • Cellular Toxicology

Background:

  • Nanoparticles (NPs) are explored for dental applications, but their biological impacts require thorough investigation.
  • Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) degrade collagen in resin-dentin bonds, compromising dental restoration durability.
  • MMP inhibitors can enhance resin-dentin bond longevity, yet combined MMP inhibition and NP cytotoxicity data is limited.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess MMP inhibition and cytotoxic effects of gold (AuNPs) and platinum nanoparticles (PtNPs) stabilized by polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP).
  • To evaluate NP interactions with cultured murine macrophages (RAW264) concerning viability and inflammatory responses.

Main Methods:

  • MMP inhibition assays were performed.
  • Cell viability and inflammatory markers (RT-qPCR) were measured in RAW264 cells exposed to NPs.
  • Micromorphological analysis utilized fluorescence and transmission electron microscopy.

Main Results:

  • Both AuNPs and PtNPs significantly inhibited MMP-8 and MMP-9 activity.
  • PtNPs exhibited cytotoxicity at high concentrations (100, 400 µg/mL), while AuNPs showed no cytotoxicity.
  • NPs localized in lysosomes, not the nucleus, and did not induce inflammatory responses in RAW264 cells.

Conclusions:

  • AuNPs are effective MMP inhibitors with no observed cytotoxicity or inflammatory effects, making them attractive for dental applications.
  • PVP's surface charge likely mediates MMP inhibition via chelation with MMP active sites.
  • NP cytotoxicity may depend on core metal composition, potentially involving a 'Trojan horse' mechanism.