The epidemiology of cardiovascular disease in the UK 2014

Area of Science:

• Public Health
• Epidemiology
• Health Economics

Background:

• Cardiovascular disease (CVD) poses a substantial public health challenge in the United Kingdom.
• Existing data on CVD mortality, prevalence, treatment, and economic impact require regular updates for effective health policy.

Purpose of the Study:

• To present current statistics on cardiovascular disease (CVD) in the UK using nationally representative data.
• To analyze trends in CVD mortality, prevalence, treatment utilization, and associated healthcare costs.

Main Methods:

• Review of nationally representative datasets focusing on CVD, coronary heart disease (ICD: I20-25), and cerebrovascular disease (ICD: I60-69).
• Analysis of mortality rates, disease prevalence, prescription data, surgical procedures, and National Health Service expenditure.

Main Results:

• In 2012, CVD was the leading cause of death for women in the UK (28%), while cancer led for men (32%).
• Significant geographical variations in CVD mortality and coronary heart disease prevalence were observed, with highest rates in Scotland and Northern England.
• Men experienced myocardial infarction at approximately three times the rate of women. CVD treatment, including prescriptions and operations, has increased substantially over two decades.
• The NHS in England incurred approximately £6.8 billion in CVD costs in 2012/2013, primarily from secondary care.

Conclusions:

• Despite declining mortality, CVD continues to represent a considerable health and economic burden in the UK.
• Addressing inequalities in CVD mortality and prevalence requires comprehensive primary and secondary prevention strategies.