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Ghrelin.

T D Müller1, R Nogueiras2, M L Andermann3

  • 1Institute for Diabetes and Obesity, Helmholtz Zentrum München, München, Germany.

Molecular Metabolism
|June 5, 2015
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Ghrelin, a gastrointestinal hormone, has diverse functions beyond energy metabolism, impacting learning, memory, gut function, and more. This review explores its complex roles and ongoing research questions.

Keywords:
GhrelinGrowth hormone segretagogue receptor

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Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Neuroscience
  • Gastroenterology

Background:

  • Ghrelin, discovered in 1999, is the endogenous ligand for the growth hormone secretagogue receptor.
  • Emerging evidence indicates ghrelin's roles extend beyond systemic energy metabolism regulation.
  • Its functions are increasingly recognized as complex and multifaceted.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the diverse biological functions of the hormone ghrelin.
  • To discuss the regulation of ghrelin secretion.
  • To address unresolved questions regarding ghrelin's actions 15 years post-discovery.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on ghrelin's biological functions.
  • Analysis of research on the regulation of ghrelin secretion.
  • Synthesis of current knowledge and identification of knowledge gaps.

Main Results:

  • Ghrelin exhibits numerous central and peripheral actions.
  • These actions involve distinct physiological systems including learning and memory.
  • Other affected areas include gut motility, gastric acid secretion, sleep/wake cycles, reward seeking, taste, and glucose metabolism.

Conclusions:

  • Ghrelin plays significant roles in cognitive functions like learning and memory.
  • The hormone influences gastrointestinal functions such as motility and acid secretion.
  • Ghrelin's impact spans metabolic, behavioral, and physiological processes, highlighting its broad significance.