Epstein-Barr Virus-Associated Pulmonary Smooth Muscle Tumor After Lung Transplantation

We report an Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-associated pulmonary posttransplant smooth muscle tumor arising in the left lung of a 71-year-old bilateral lung transplant recipient nearly 3 years after transplantation, treated with thoracoscopic wedge resection. Four previous smooth muscle tumors have been reported following lung transplantation. To our knowledge, this is the first reported case of an EBV-positive posttransplant smooth muscle tumor within the transplanted lung. We describe the clinical, pathologic, and histologic diagnosis of this uncommon tumor.