Photoinduced Anisotropic Assembly of Conjugated Polymers in Insulating Polymer Blends

Low-dose UV irradiation of poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT)-insulating polymer (polystyrene (PS) or polyisobutylene (PIB)) blend solutions led to the formation of highly ordered P3HT nanofibrillar structures in solidified thin films. The P3HT nanofibers were effectively interconnected through P3HT islands phase-separated from insulating polymer regions in blend films comprising a relatively low fraction of P3HT. Films prepared with a P3HT content as low as 5 wt % exhibited excellent macroscopic charge transport characteristics. The impact of PS on P3HT intramolecular and intermolecular interactions was systematically investigated. The presence of PS chains appeared to assist in the UV irradiation process of the blend solutions to facilitate molecular interactions of the semiconductor component, and to enhance P3HT chain interactions during spin coating because of relatively unfavorable P3HT-PS chain interactions. However, P3HT lamellar packing was hindered in the presence of PS chains, because of favorable hydrophobic interactions between the P3HT hexyl substituents and the PS chains. As a result, the lamellar packing d-spacing increased, and the coherence length corresponding to the lamellar packing decreased, as the amount of PS in the blend films increased.