Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

IR Spectroscopy: Molecular Vibration Overview01:24

IR Spectroscopy: Molecular Vibration Overview

6.4K
When Infrared (IR) radiation passes through a covalently bonded molecule, the bonds transition from lower to higher vibrational levels. The fundamental vibrational motions that result in infrared absorption can be classified as stretching or bending vibrations.
Stretching vibrations are vibrational motions that occur along the bond line, changing the bond length or distance between two bonded atoms. They are further distinguished as symmetric or asymmetric. In symmetric stretching, the...
6.4K
Infrared (IR) Spectroscopy: Overview01:09

Infrared (IR) Spectroscopy: Overview

7.5K
When electromagnetic radiation passes through a material, atoms or molecules transition from a lower to a higher energy state by absorbing radiation corresponding to the energy difference between the two states. The absorption of infrared (IR) radiation causes transitions between vibrational energy levels in a molecule. Therefore, IR spectroscopy is a useful analytical tool for determining the molecular structure of molecules.
Different compounds display unique properties due to their...
7.5K
IR Spectroscopy: Hooke's Law Approximation of Molecular Vibration01:16

IR Spectroscopy: Hooke's Law Approximation of Molecular Vibration

3.9K
A covalently bonded heteronuclear diatomic molecule can be modeled as two vibrating masses connected by a spring. The vibrational frequency of the bond can be expressed using an equation derived from Hooke's law, which describes how the force applied to stretch or compress a spring is proportional to the displacement of the spring. In this case, the atoms behave like masses, and the bond acts like a spring.
According to Hooke's law, the vibrational frequency is directly proportional to...
3.9K
IR and UV–Vis Spectroscopy of Aldehydes and Ketones01:29

IR and UV–Vis Spectroscopy of Aldehydes and Ketones

8.0K
Infrared spectroscopy, also known as vibrational spectroscopy, is mainly used to determine the types of bonds and functional groups in molecules. In aldehydes and ketones, the carbonyl (C=O) bond shows an absorption around 1710 cm-1. The C=O bond vibration of an aldehyde occurs at lower frequencies than that of a ketone. In addition to the C=O absorption in an aldehyde, the aldehydic C–H bond also gives two peaks in the 2700–2800 cm-1 range. This absorption, coupled with the...
8.0K
IR Absorption Frequency: Hybridization01:21

IR Absorption Frequency: Hybridization

1.7K
Hydrocarbons such as alkanes, alkenes, and alkynes show characteristic C–H stretching absorption bands. These IR stretching frequencies depend on the hybridization of the involved carbon atom and can be explained in terms of the s character of each hybridized atomic orbital.
Among the sp, sp2, and sp3 hybridized orbitals, sp orbitals have the maximum s character (50%). Consequently, the electrons are held more closely to the nucleus, resulting in stronger and shorter C–H bonds that...
1.7K
¹H NMR: Interpreting Distorted and Overlapping Signals01:02

¹H NMR: Interpreting Distorted and Overlapping Signals

1.8K
Spin systems where the difference in chemical shifts of the coupled nuclei is greater than ten times J are called first-order spin systems. These nuclei are weakly coupled, and their chemical shifts and coupling constant can generally be estimated from the well-separated signals in the spectrum.
As Δν decreases and the signals move closer, the doublets appear increasingly distorted. The intensities of the inner lines increase at the cost of those of the outer lines as the signals are...
1.8K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Ultrafast photocurrent detection contradicts optical detection conclusions: Exciton diffusion contributes little to carbon nanotube device efficiency.

Science advances·2026
Same author

Ultrathin, Stretchable, and 3D-Printable Complementary Nanotubes-Polymer Composites for Multimodal Radiation Shielding in Extreme Environments.

Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)·2026
Same author

Mammals that can develop type 2 diabetes have a similarly structured β-sheet amyloid oligomer.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·2026
Same author

A structural model of toxic amyloid oligomers involved in type 2 diabetes.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·2026
Same author

Probing Voltage- and Electrolyte-Dependent Monolayer Dynamics with 2D-IR Spectroscopy.

Journal of the American Chemical Society·2025
Same author

P‑Doped Carbon Nanotubes as Light-Absorbing Electron Donors in Photovoltaics.

The journal of physical chemistry. C, Nanomaterials and interfaces·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 11, 2026

Characterizing Individual Protein Aggregates by Infrared Nanospectroscopy and Atomic Force Microscopy
12:58

Characterizing Individual Protein Aggregates by Infrared Nanospectroscopy and Atomic Force Microscopy

Published on: September 12, 2019

10.4K

Dye aggregation identified by vibrational coupling using 2D IR spectroscopy.

Tracey A Oudenhoven1, Yongho Joo2, Jennifer E Laaser1

  • 1Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA.

The Journal of Chemical Physics
|June 8, 2015
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A model dye forms stable aggregates on TiO2 nanoparticles, irrespective of preparation. Two-dimensional infrared (2D IR) spectroscopy reveals characteristic frequencies for monomers, dimers, and trimers, indicating vibrational coupling within these dye clusters.

More Related Videos

Vibrational Spectra of a N719-Chromophore/Titania Interface from Empirical-Potential Molecular-Dynamics Simulation, Solvated by a Room Temperature Ionic Liquid
08:54

Vibrational Spectra of a N719-Chromophore/Titania Interface from Empirical-Potential Molecular-Dynamics Simulation, Solvated by a Room Temperature Ionic Liquid

Published on: January 25, 2020

6.1K
Detection of Protein Aggregation using Fluorescence Correlation Spectroscopy
14:04

Detection of Protein Aggregation using Fluorescence Correlation Spectroscopy

Published on: April 25, 2021

6.3K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Apr 11, 2026

Characterizing Individual Protein Aggregates by Infrared Nanospectroscopy and Atomic Force Microscopy
12:58

Characterizing Individual Protein Aggregates by Infrared Nanospectroscopy and Atomic Force Microscopy

Published on: September 12, 2019

10.4K
Vibrational Spectra of a N719-Chromophore/Titania Interface from Empirical-Potential Molecular-Dynamics Simulation, Solvated by a Room Temperature Ionic Liquid
08:54

Vibrational Spectra of a N719-Chromophore/Titania Interface from Empirical-Potential Molecular-Dynamics Simulation, Solvated by a Room Temperature Ionic Liquid

Published on: January 25, 2020

6.1K
Detection of Protein Aggregation using Fluorescence Correlation Spectroscopy
14:04

Detection of Protein Aggregation using Fluorescence Correlation Spectroscopy

Published on: April 25, 2021

6.3K

Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Spectroscopy
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • Titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles are widely used in photocatalysis and dye-sensitized solar cells.
  • Understanding dye aggregation on nanoparticle surfaces is crucial for optimizing device performance.
  • Model dye Re(CO)3(bypy)CO2H serves as a probe for surface interactions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the aggregation behavior of a model dye on TiO2 nanoparticles.
  • To characterize the different aggregate sizes (monomers, dimers, trimers) formed.
  • To explore the implications of aggregation on vibrational and electronic coupling.

Main Methods:

  • Two-dimensional infrared (2D IR) spectroscopy was employed to analyze vibrational couplings.
  • Spectra were compared in solution and when deposited on TiO2 nanoparticles.
  • Dye aggregation was assessed under various preparation conditions.

Main Results:

  • The model dye irreversibly aggregates into clusters on TiO2 nanoparticles.
  • Characteristic 2D IR frequencies identified monomers, dimers, and trimers.
  • Dimer formation on TiO2 is influenced by solution propensity but occurs even with monomers present.
  • Aggregates are persistent and observed at submonolayer coverages.
  • Cross peaks indicate close proximity and potential electronic coupling between different aggregate sizes.

Conclusions:

  • Dye aggregation on TiO2 is a robust phenomenon, forming stable clusters.
  • 2D IR spectroscopy effectively probes vibrational and infer electronic coupling in these aggregates.
  • The presence of aggregates, even at low coverages, has significant implications for charge transfer processes.