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Related Concept Videos

Tumor Immunotherapy01:27

Tumor Immunotherapy

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Immunotherapy is a treatment that boosts or manipulates the immune system to fight diseases, including cancer. For instance, by stimulating an immune response through vaccinations against viruses that cause cancers, like hepatitis B virus and human papillomavirus, these diseases can be prevented. Nonetheless, some cancer cells can avoid the immune system due to their rapid mutation and division. The immune response to many cancers involves three phases: elimination, equilibrium, and escape.
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Targeted Cancer Therapies02:57

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The targeted cancer therapies, also known as “molecular targeted therapies,” take advantage of the molecular and genetic differences between the cancer cells and the normal cells. It needs a thorough understanding of the cancer cells to develop drugs that can target specific molecular aspects that drive the growth, progression, and spread of cancer cells without affecting the growth and survival of other normal cells in the body.
There are several types of targeted therapies against...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 11, 2026

Analysis of Human T Cell Activity in an Allogeneic Co-Culture Setting of Pre-Treated Tumor Cells
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Targeting immune checkpoints in lymphoma.

Stephen M Ansell1

  • 1Division of Hematology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.

Current Opinion in Hematology
|June 8, 2015
PubMed
Summary

Immune checkpoint inhibitors targeting programmed cell death-1 (PD-1) and programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1) show success in lymphoma treatment. Hodgkin lymphoma patients experience high, durable response rates to PD-1 blockade therapy.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Immunology
  • Cancer Research

Background:

  • The tumor microenvironment in lymphoma plays a critical role in disease progression and immune evasion.
  • Immune cells within the lymphoma microenvironment, such as T cells, can become exhausted, limiting anti-tumor responses.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To discuss the tumor microenvironment in lymphoma.
  • To review potential immune targets, specifically immune checkpoints, relevant to lymphoma treatment.
  • To highlight the clinical relevance of immune checkpoint inhibitors based on observed patient responses.

Main Methods:

  • Review of recent clinical trial data and scientific literature.
  • Analysis of immune cell markers, including programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1) and programmed cell death-1 (PD-1), in lymphoma.

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  • Evaluation of therapeutic strategies involving antibodies that block PD-1/PD-L1 interactions.

    • Main Results:

    • Lymphoma immune microenvironments exhibit expression of PD-L1 on tumor-associated cells.
    • Intratumoral T cells frequently display an exhausted phenotype expressing PD-1.
    • Clinical trials using PD-1/PD-L1 blocking antibodies have shown significant responses in various lymphoma types.

    Conclusions:

    • Immune checkpoint inhibitors, such as nivolumab and pembrolizumab, are highly effective in treating relapsed and refractory lymphoma.
    • Patients with Hodgkin lymphoma demonstrate particularly high and durable response rates to PD-1 blockade therapy.
    • Targeting the PD-1/PD-L1 pathway represents a promising therapeutic strategy in lymphoma treatment.