The argument for a non-operative approach to asymptomatic lung lesions

The controversy surrounding the management of congenital lung malformations (CLMs) centre on how best to manage the increasing population of asymptomatic antenatally detected infants. Should elective surgery be offered? Or is a "watch-and-wait" policy safe? This will be addressed in this review by examining the reported complications of surgery, the risk of symptom development if lesions are left in situ and whether this may alter surgical outcomes, and importantly whether there is any long-term risk of malignancy that can be negated by surgical resection in infancy.