[Evolution of cardiovascular risk factors in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention]

Area of Science:

• Cardiology
• Interventional Cardiology
• Public Health

Background:

• Cardiovascular risk factors (CVRF) significantly impact outcomes following percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) for ischemic heart disease.
• Effective management of CVRF is essential for improving patient prognosis after PCI.

Purpose of the Study:

• To evaluate the changes in CVRF six months after PCI.
• To determine the association between CVRF and the occurrence of new cardiovascular events post-PCI.

Main Methods:

• A descriptive case series study analyzed data from 222 patients.
• Key variables included age, sex, chronic kidney disease (CKD), cholesterol, blood pressure, smoking status, and BMI, measured before and 6 months after PCI.
• Logistic regression was used to identify predictors of new events (death or repeat PCI).

Main Results:

• The study included 222 patients (75.2% male, mean age 70.2 years).
• Prevalence of hypertension, hyperlipidemia, smoking, and diabetes was high (57.7%, 55.9%, 50.4%, 28.2% respectively).
• Six months post-PCI, blood pressure and total cholesterol decreased, but 33% had uncontrolled CVRF. New events occurred in 5% (death) and 15.3% (new PCI). Age (OR 1.06) and CKD (OR 3.7) were associated with new events.

Conclusions:

• A high prevalence of CVRF exists in patients undergoing PCI.
• While some CVRF like blood pressure and cholesterol showed improvement, overall control remained incomplete at six months.
• New cardiovascular events were observed in a significant proportion of patients, with advanced age and CKD identified as key risk factors.