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MFAP5 is related to obesity-associated adipose tissue and extracellular matrix remodeling and inflammation
Maija Vaittinen1, Marjukka Kolehmainen1, Mikael Rydén2
1Department of Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, Kuopio, Finland.
Objective:
Low-grade inflammation is involved in adipose tissue (AT) and extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling and induces deposition of ECM proteins in AT. We have previously shown that MFAP5 (microfibrillar-associated protein 5) expression decreases in AT after weight loss. The aim of this study was to investigate MFAP5 localization in human AT and gene expression in adipocytes and the role of MFAP5 in adipocyte metabolism and inflammation.
Methods:
MFAP5 protein localization and gene expression were studied with immunohistochemistry and quantitative reverse transcriptase PCR (RT-qPCR) in human subcutaneous AT and cultured Simpson-Golabi-Behmel syndrome (SGBS) adipocytes, respectively. The effect of MFAP5 knock-down by siRNA on gene expression and insulin action was examined with RT-qPCR, western blot, and insulin-stimulated glucose uptake. The effect of different cytokines on MFAP5 gene and protein expression was investigated in cultured human SGBS preadipocytes.
Results:
MFAP5 protein was highly expressed in AT, and gene expression decreased during adipocyte differentiation in SGBS cells. Treatment of preadipocytes with TNFα and TGFβ1 increased MFAP5 gene and protein expression. Furthermore, MFAP5 knock-down decreased the expression of genes involved in inflammation.
Conclusions:
Our results demonstrate that factors involving low-grade inflammation modulate MFAP5 expression and that the modified expression of MFAP5 may further regulate AT inflammation.
Insights
Microfibrillar-associated protein 5 (MFAP5) expression in adipose tissue is modulated by inflammation. MFAP5 knockdown reduces inflammatory gene expression, suggesting a role in regulating adipose tissue inflammation.
Area of Science:
- Adipose tissue biology
- Extracellular matrix remodeling
- Inflammation research
Background:
- Low-grade inflammation impacts adipose tissue (AT) and extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling.
- MFAP5 expression in AT decreases post-weight loss.
- MFAP5's role in adipocyte metabolism and inflammation requires investigation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine MFAP5 localization and gene expression in human AT and adipocytes.
- To elucidate MFAP5's role in adipocyte metabolism and inflammation.
- To investigate the impact of inflammatory cytokines on MFAP5 expression.
Main Methods:
- Immunohistochemistry and RT-qPCR for MFAP5 localization and gene expression in human AT and SGBS adipocytes.
- siRNA-mediated MFAP5 knockdown to assess effects on gene expression and insulin action.
- Western blot and insulin-stimulated glucose uptake assays were employed.
- Investigated cytokine effects on MFAP5 expression in SGBS preadipocytes.
Main Results:
- MFAP5 protein showed high expression in AT; gene expression declined during SGBS adipocyte differentiation.
- TNFα and TGFβ1 treatments elevated MFAP5 gene and protein expression in preadipocytes.
- MFAP5 knockdown led to reduced expression of inflammation-related genes.
Conclusions:
- Inflammatory factors influence MFAP5 expression in adipose tissue.
- MFAP5 expression levels may play a regulatory role in adipose tissue inflammation.
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