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Results from an international survey of Kawasaki disease in 1979-82
1Subcommittee on Kawasaki Disease, International Society and Federation of Cardiology, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48105.
Insights
Kawasaki disease, a serious illness in young children, can lead to coronary artery aneurysms. This global survey found varied patterns and potential epidemics, highlighting the need for better recognition and research.
Area of Science:
- Pediatrics
- Epidemiology
- Cardiology
Background:
- Kawasaki disease is a febrile illness primarily affecting children under five.
- It is associated with coronary artery aneurysms in 20% of cases.
- First reported in Japan, cases have emerged globally with apparent epidemic cycles.
Purpose of the Study:
- To conduct an international retrospective survey on Kawasaki disease cases and outcomes.
- To understand the global epidemiology and patterns of Kawasaki disease.
- To assess the variation in disease presentation and recognition across different countries.
Main Methods:
- An international survey conducted by the International Society and Federation of Cardiology (ISFC) committee.
- Data collected retrospectively on Kawasaki disease cases from 1979-1982.
- Responses received from 53 countries regarding disease incidence and patterns.
Main Results:
- Kawasaki disease cases were reported from 33 countries, with 20 countries reporting no cases.
- The disease did not consistently follow the initial Japanese pattern.
- Evidence of 'epidemic' increases was observed in some countries during certain years.
Conclusions:
- Kawasaki disease recognition varies significantly worldwide.
- Further educational initiatives are expected to identify more cases.
- Intensive epidemiological studies are feasible in numerous countries to better understand this condition.
Abstract:
Kawasaki disease is a febrile illness of unknown etiology affecting mainly children younger than five years, 20% of whom develop coronary artery aneurysms. The disease was first reported in Japan, but case reports have come from several countries; epidemics apparently occur every two to three years. A committee of the International Society and Federation of Cardiology (ISFC) collaborated on an international, retrospective survey in mid-1983 through 1984, asking about Kawasaki disease cases seen in 1979-82 and their outcomes. Responses were received from 53 countries; reports from 20 countries indicated that no cases were seen in the years surveyed. Kawasaki disease did not always follow the Japanese pattern. An indication of 'epidemic' increases was found in some years in some countries. Recognition of Kawasaki disease varies considerably, but further educational efforts are likely to uncover additional cases, and intensive epidemiological efforts would be possible in a number of countries.
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