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Updated: Apr 11, 2026

Essential Metal Uptake in Gram-negative Bacteria: X-ray Fluorescence, Radioisotopes, and Cell Fractionation
Published on: February 1, 2018
Nramp1 and Other Transporters Involved in Metal Withholding during Infection
1From the Department of Genetics and Complex Diseases, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts 02115 wessling@hsph.harvard.edu.
Abstract:
During the course of infection, many natural defenses are set up along the boundaries of the host-pathogen interface. Key among these is the host response to withhold metals to restrict the growth of invading microbes. This simple act of nutritional warfare, starving the invader of an essential element, is an effective means of limiting infection. The physiology of metal withholding is often referred to as "nutritional immunity," and the mechanisms of metal transport that contribute to this host response are the focus of this review.
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