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Structural bases for N-glycan processing by mannoside phosphorylase.

Simon Ladevèze1, Gianluca Cioci1, Pierre Roblin2

  • 1Université de Toulouse; INSA, UPS, INP; LISBP, 135 Avenue de Rangueil, 31077 Toulouse, France.

Acta Crystallographica. Section D, Biological Crystallography
|June 10, 2015
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The first crystal structure of a human gut bacteria enzyme (Uhgb_MP) reveals its hexameric form and key residues for N-glycan degradation. This provides insights into dietary fiber breakdown and host glycan catabolism.

Keywords:
GH130 enzymesN-glycansglycoside phosphorylaseshuman gut microbiota

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Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Structural Biology
  • Microbiology

Background:

  • Human gut bacteria play a crucial role in degrading complex carbohydrates.
  • Glycoside phosphorylases are enzymes involved in carbohydrate metabolism.
  • The GH130 family, specifically Uhgb_MP, is implicated in N-glycan degradation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the first crystal structure of Uhgb_MP, a GH130 family enzyme.
  • To elucidate the structural basis of Uhgb_MP's role in N-glycan and dietary fiber catabolism.
  • To understand the specificity determinants of GH130 enzymes.

Main Methods:

  • X-ray crystallography at 1.85 Å resolution (apo and complex forms).
  • Small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) for structural analysis.
  • Biochemical analysis of enzyme-substrate interactions and catalytic mechanisms.

Main Results:

  • Solved the first crystal structure of Uhgb_MP, revealing a hexameric assembly.
  • Identified Asp104 as the catalytic residue and proposed a single-step reaction mechanism.
  • Uncovered Met67, Phe203, and the Gly121-Pro125 loop as key determinants of substrate specificity for N-glycans and mannan.

Conclusions:

  • The study provides the first structural insights into the GH130_2 subfamily.
  • Uhgb_MP's structure explains its role in degrading dietary fiber and host glycans.
  • Structural data illuminates the molecular basis for GH130 enzyme function in the gut microbiome.