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Related Concept Videos

Inflammatory Bowel Disease II: Crohn's Disease01:30

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Introduction
Inflammatory bowel disease, commonly known as IBD, refers to a collection of disorders that lead to persistent inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract. The two types of IBD are ulcerative colitis, which impacts the colon, and Crohn's disease, which can involve any part of the gastrointestinal segment.
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Various diagnostic tests are employed in the diagnostic process for Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD), particularly to differentiate between Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis.
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Chronic Bowel Disorders: Introduction01:17

Chronic Bowel Disorders: Introduction

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Chronic bowel diseases are a group of long-term conditions affecting the digestive tract, characterized by inflammation and damage to the gut lining. These conditions primarily include irritable bowel syndrome and inflammatory bowel disease.
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Inflammatory Bowel Disease I: Ulcerative Colitis01:27

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Inflammatory bowel disease, or IBD, encompasses a group of disorders characterized by chronic inflammation or ulceration of the gastrointestinal tract.
Risk Factors
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Other Disorders of Digestive System01:30

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The gastrointestinal tract is susceptible to various disorders. If the lower esophageal sphincter is damaged, stomach acid can flow back into the esophagus, causing irritation and inflammation of the lining. This condition is called gastroesophageal reflux disease (known as heartburn) and may cause chest pain and difficulty swallowing. In the stomach, prolonged use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs like aspirin, chronic alcohol consumption, bacterial infections such as Helicobacter...
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Gastritis is marked by disruption of the mucosal barrier that usually protects the stomach tissue from digestive juices and manifests in acute and chronic forms.
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Celiac disease from a global perspective.

Elena Lionetti1, Simona Gatti2, Alfredo Pulvirenti3

  • 1Department of Paediatrics, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia 78, 95124 Catania, Italy.

Best Practice & Research. Clinical Gastroenterology
|June 11, 2015
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Celiac disease (CD) affects about 1% of the population globally and is increasingly diagnosed. While genetics play a role, environmental factors may explain rising incidence, with many cases remaining undiagnosed.

Keywords:
Coeliac diseaseEpidemiologyIncidencePrevalenceScreening

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Gastroenterology
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Celiac disease (CD) is a prevalent lifelong autoimmune disorder affecting approximately 1% of the population in European-descended countries, North Africa, the Middle East, and India.
  • Its global distribution is linked to widespread genetic predispositions (HLA genotypes) and the consumption of gluten-containing cereals.
  • Recent trends indicate a rising incidence of CD globally, suggesting a role for environmental or lifestyle factors beyond genetics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To summarize the current understanding of celiac disease prevalence and incidence.
  • To highlight the need for further research in understudied regions.
  • To discuss the implications of increasing incidence and undiagnosed cases for screening programs.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing epidemiological data and scientific literature on celiac disease.
  • Analysis of factors contributing to disease prevalence and incidence.
  • Discussion of diagnostic challenges and screening program considerations.

Main Results:

  • Celiac disease is common in specific global regions but requires further investigation in areas like Sub-Saharan Africa and the Far East.
  • The increasing frequency of CD is not solely attributable to genetic factors, pointing towards environmental influences.
  • A significant proportion of individuals with CD remain undiagnosed worldwide.

Conclusions:

  • Celiac disease is a globally significant disorder with a complex interplay of genetic and environmental factors.
  • Further epidemiological studies are crucial to accurately assess CD incidence in diverse populations.
  • The high rate of undiagnosed celiac disease necessitates ongoing debate and research into effective screening strategies.