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Related Concept Videos

Epilepsy and Seizures: Overview01:24

Epilepsy and Seizures: Overview

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Epilepsy is a chronic neurological disease marked by recurrent, unpredictable seizures. These seizures are caused by abnormal electrical discharges in the brain, leading to behavior, sensation, or consciousness alterations. They can also cause transient impairment of awareness, interfering with daily activities.
Various factors can trigger epilepsy, including genetic factors, brain damage, metabolic causes, and unknown etiology. Diagnosis of epilepsy involves electroencephalography (EEG), which...
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Seizures: Classification01:13

Seizures: Classification

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Epilepsy is primarily characterized by unpredictable seizures, either provoked by an identifiable factor, such as injury or illness, or unprovoked, occurring spontaneously without apparent cause.
Seizures are typically classified into two main categories: focal and generalized seizures.
Focal Seizures
Focal seizures originate from specific regions of the brain. These seizures are further sub-classified into two types:
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Antiepileptic Drugs: Glutamate Antagonists01:14

Antiepileptic Drugs: Glutamate Antagonists

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Glutamate is a fundamental neurotransmitter in the central nervous system, playing a vital role in neuronal communication and various cognitive processes. Glutamate stands as the principal excitatory neurotransmitter in the brain. Its presence is crucial for the communication between neurons, underpinning essential processes such as synaptic transmission, neuronal excitability, and plasticity. These functions are vital for higher-order cognitive processes, including learning and memory. The...
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Antiepileptic Drugs: GABAergic Pathway Potentiators01:18

Antiepileptic Drugs: GABAergic Pathway Potentiators

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γ-aminobutyric acid or GABA, plays a pivotal role as an inhibitory neurotransmitter in the brain. GABA pathway potentiators, also known as GABAergic drugs, are a class of pharmaceutical agents designed to enhance the functioning of the GABAergic system. These medications primarily treat epilepsy, a neurological disorder characterized by recurrent seizures.
The key GABA pathway potentiators used in epilepsy management are as follows.
Benzodiazepines are a well-known class of drugs used for...
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Antiepileptic Drugs: Calcium Channel Blockers01:17

Antiepileptic Drugs: Calcium Channel Blockers

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Calcium channel blockers, a class of antiepileptic drugs, regulate the flow of calcium ions within neurons.
Calcium channel blockers exert their antiepileptic effects by targeting T-type calcium channels, which are integral to transmitting nerve signals in the central nervous system. These channels allow the passage of calcium ions, which are vital for neuronal communication. By inhibiting T-type calcium channels, calcium channel blockers effectively reduce the release of neurotransmitters and...
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Antiepileptic Drugs: Modulators of Neurotransmitter Release Mediated by SV2A Protein01:20

Antiepileptic Drugs: Modulators of Neurotransmitter Release Mediated by SV2A Protein

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Antiepileptic drugs, such as levetiracetam (Keppra) and brivaracetam (Briviact), have emerged as crucial tools in managing epilepsy. These medications exert their therapeutic effects by targeting the synaptic vesicle protein SV2A, a transmembrane glycoprotein primarily found in the brain.
SV2A is a transmembrane glycoprotein located predominantly in the brain, modulating the release of neurotransmitters for neuronal communication. Both levetiracetam and brivaracetam exhibit a high affinity for...
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Updated: Apr 11, 2026

Network Analysis of Foramen Ovale Electrode Recordings in Drug-resistant Temporal Lobe Epilepsy Patients
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Tumors in Epilepsy.

Mark Nowell1, Anna Miserocchi1, Andrew W McEvoy1

  • 1Department of Clinical and Experimental Epilepsy, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom.

Seminars in Neurology
|June 11, 2015
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Primary brain tumors frequently cause focal epilepsy, often resistant to medication. Surgical removal can lead to seizure freedom, but requires careful case-by-case multidisciplinary evaluation.

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Author Spotlight: Advancing Pediatric Epilepsy Surgery in Children Through Novel Biomarkers and Enhanced Localization
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Area of Science:

  • Neuro-oncology
  • Epileptology
  • Neurosurgery

Background:

  • Primary brain tumors are a significant cause of adult-onset focal epilepsy, representing 5% of new-onset seizures.
  • Over 10% of focal epilepsies with a clear lesion are attributed to brain tumors.
  • Tumor-associated epilepsies are frequently refractory to antiepileptic drug treatments.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the critical factors influencing the management of patients with primary brain tumors causing focal epilepsy.
  • To guide multidisciplinary teams in decision-making for this challenging patient cohort.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current literature and clinical practice guidelines.
  • Analysis of factors including tumor natural history, surgical resection outcomes, surgical risks, and quality of life.

Main Results:

  • Gross total resection of primary brain tumors can achieve high rates of seizure freedom in patients with focal epilepsy.
  • Management decisions necessitate a personalized, case-by-case approach.

Conclusions:

  • The optimal management strategy for brain tumor-associated epilepsy requires careful consideration of multiple factors by a multidisciplinary team.
  • Balancing the potential benefits of surgical resection against its risks and impact on quality of life is paramount.