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Antioxidant activity of apple extract protects against rat tongue carcinogenesis induced by 4-nitroquinoline 1-oxide

Flávia Andressa Pidone Ribeiro1, Rogerio Correa Peres1, Celina Tizuko Fujiyama Oshima2

  • 1a Department of Biosciences .

Toxicology Mechanisms and Methods
|June 11, 2015
PubMed

Insights

Apple extract demonstrates chemopreventive potential against oral cancer in rats by protecting against lesions and enhancing antioxidant enzyme gene expression. This study highlights apple

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Nutritional Science
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Apples (Malus sp.) contain compounds with known chemopreventive properties.
  • Oral cancer remains a significant global health concern, necessitating novel preventative strategies.
  • Understanding the molecular mechanisms of natural chemopreventive agents is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the chemopreventive efficacy of apple extract in a rat model of oral carcinogenesis.
  • To assess the impact of apple extract on histopathological changes and antioxidant enzyme gene expression during oral cancer development.

Main Methods:

  • A medium-term oral carcinogenesis assay was conducted using 4-nitroquinoline 1-oxide (4NQO) in Wistar rats.
  • Rats were divided into five groups, including control, 4NQO-induced, and apple extract-treated groups during initiation or promotion phases.
  • Histopathological analysis and gene expression analysis of antioxidant enzymes (CuZnSOD, MnSOD, catalase) were performed.

Main Results:

  • Apple extract administration significantly protected against oral lesions induced by 4NQO during both initiation and promotion phases.
  • Gene expression of copper-zinc superoxide dismutase (CuZnSOD) and manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) was notably increased in rats treated with apple extract.
  • The findings suggest an antioxidant mechanism underlying the chemopreventive effects of apple extract.

Conclusions:

  • Apple extract exhibits significant chemopreventive potential against oral carcinogenesis in a rat model.
  • The protective effects are associated with modulation of antioxidant enzyme activity and protection against histopathological damage.
  • These results support the role of apple-derived compounds as a potential strategy for oral cancer prevention.
Keywords:
4-Nitroquinoline 1-oxideantioxidant activityapple extractoral cancer

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