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Polymers02:34

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The word polymer is derived from the Greek words “poly” which means “many” and “mer” which means “parts”. Polymers are long chains of molecules composed of repeating units of smaller molecules, known as monomers. They either occur naturally, such as DNA and proteins, or can be constructed synthetically, like plastics. They have varied structural characteristics, such as linear chains, branched chains, or complex networks, that contribute to the...
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Biological macromolecules are organic compounds, predominantly composed of carbon atoms. The carbon atoms are covalently bonded with hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and other minor elements. There are four major biological macromolecule classes: carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids.
Most macromolecules are composed of single subunits, or building blocks, called monomers. The monomers combine with each other using covalent bonds to form larger molecules known as polymers.
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Polymers that are made up of identical monomer units are called homopolymers. Only one repeating unit is involved in the construction of the homopolymer structure. For example, as depicted in Figure 1, polypropylene is a homopolymer constituted of propylene monomers. Here, the only repeating unit in the polymer chain is propylene.
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Polymers are classified as linear or branched on the basis of their chain architecture. The polymer chains in linear polymers have a long chain-like structure with minimal to no branching at all. Even if a polymer features large substituent groups on the monomer, which appear as branches to the skeleton, it is not considered a branched polymer. A branched polymer contains secondary polymer chains that arise from the main polymer chain. The branching occurs when the polymer growth shifts from...
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Self-assembling Morphologies Obtained from Helical Polycarbodiimide Copolymers and Their Triazole Derivatives
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Precision synthesis, structure and function of helical polymers.

Yoshio Okamoto1

  • 1Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University.

Proceedings of the Japan Academy. Series B, Physical and Biological Sciences
|June 12, 2015
PubMed
Summary

Researchers synthesized a one-handed helical polymer from achiral monomers, creating an optically active material. This polymer proved effective as a chiral stationary phase for high-performance liquid chromatography, enabling chiral compound separation.

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Area of Science:

  • Polymer Chemistry
  • Chiral Separations
  • Chromatography

Background:

  • Helical structures are inherently chiral and optically active.
  • Asymmetric synthesis of stable one-handed helical polymers was a significant challenge.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To achieve the asymmetric synthesis of an optically active one-handed helical polymer.
  • To develop practical chiral stationary phases (CSPs) for high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC).

Main Methods:

  • Synthesis of a one-handed helical polymer from triphenylmethyl methacrylate (TrMA).
  • Development of CSPs using polysaccharide derivatives (cellulose and amylose).
  • Coating CSPs on silica gel for HPLC applications.

Main Results:

  • Successful synthesis of the first optically active one-handed helical polymer from achiral monomers.
  • Demonstrated high chiral recognition ability of the synthesized polymer.
  • Developed highly effective CSPs for resolving a wide range of chiral compounds.

Conclusions:

  • The synthesized helical polymer is a valuable tool for chiral recognition.
  • Polysaccharide-based CSPs offer efficient resolution of diverse chiral compounds.
  • These CSPs are globally utilized for chiral analysis and separation.