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Related Concept Videos

Antiasthma Drugs: Mast Cell Stabilizers and Anti-IgE Drugs01:25

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Asthma is a chronic respiratory condition for which new therapeutic avenues, including anti-inflammatory drugs like mast cell stabilizers and anti-IgE treatments, continue to be developed.
Mast cell stabilizers, such as cromolyn (also known as sodium cromoglycate) and nedocromil (Tilade), are effective drugs in asthma management. These stabilizers hinder histamine release by skillfully obstructing the activation of mast cells and other cellular entities. Notably, they navigate this task without...
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A pneumothorax is a condition where air builds up in the space between the lung and the chest wall, causing the lung to collapse. This condition arises when air enters the space between the parietal and visceral pleura, disrupting the negative pressure essential for lung inflation. This can lead to a partial or complete collapse of the lung.
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Asthma-II: Pathophysiology and Classification01:26

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Asthma is a prevalent chronic respiratory condition marked by inflammation and hyperresponsiveness of the airways. Its pathophysiology involves complex interactions among inflammatory pathways, immune responses, and neural mechanisms.
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Allergic Reactions: Anaphylaxis01:30

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Anaphylaxis is a severe, life-threatening hypersensitivity reaction mediated by Immunoglobulin E (IgE) antibodies. When IgE binds to allergens, it triggers the release of mediators– histamine, leukotrienes, and prostaglandins from mast cells and basophils. These mediators cause vasodilation, edema, and inflammation, leading to various symptoms.The primary allergens causing anaphylaxis include food items (e.g., peanuts, shellfish), drugs (e.g., penicillin, asparaginase, corticotropin,...
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Pneumothorax is a medical condition defined by the buildup of air in the pleural space between the lungs and the chest wall. This accumulation of air can lead to partial or complete lung collapse, resulting in a range of clinical manifestations. Understanding the clinical presentation and effective management strategies is crucial for healthcare professionals in providing timely and appropriate care to individuals with pneumothorax.
Clinical Manifestations:
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 10, 2026

An Ex vivo Mast Cell Degranulation Assay using Crude Peritoneal Exudate Cells and Natural Antigen Stimulation
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Are mast cells implicated in asphyxia?

Barbara Muciaccia1, Cristina Sestili1, Stefania De Grossi1

  • 1Sapienza University, Rome, Italy.

International Journal of Legal Medicine
|June 12, 2015
PubMed
Summary

Mast cells (MC) may play a role in deaths related to hypoxia. Evaluating pulmonary MC could aid forensic pathologists in distinguishing asphyxia deaths.

Keywords:
Asphyxia deathCD117Forensic pathologyHIF1-αLungsMast cell

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Area of Science:

  • Forensic Pathology
  • Pulmonary Medicine
  • Immunohistochemistry

Background:

  • Hypoxia triggers cellular responses, including HIF1-α protein production.
  • Increased tryptase in asphyxia deaths suggests a link between hypoxia and mast cell activation.
  • Pulmonary mast cells (MC) are investigated for their potential role in acute asphyxia.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of pulmonary MC in acute asphyxia deaths.
  • To correlate MC presence and activation with hypoxic conditions in medico-legal autopsies.

Main Methods:

  • Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was used on lung tissue from 47 medico-legal autopsy cases (35 asphyxia/hypoxia, 11 controls, 1 anaphylaxis).
  • Anti-CD117 (c-Kit) antibody was employed to identify and quantify peri-airway and peri-vascular MC.
  • Features and counts of MC were analyzed in relation to cause of death.

Main Results:

  • A significant increase in peri-vascular c-kit(+) MC was observed in specific asphyxia deaths (hanging, strangulation, aspiration).
  • Strong MC activation in peri-airway and peri-vascular areas was noted in the anaphylaxis positive control case.
  • Results indicate a potential association between MC and hypoxic conditions.

Conclusions:

  • Pulmonary mast cells may be involved in the pathophysiology of acute asphyxia.
  • Evaluating pulmonary MC could serve as a valuable forensic tool for differential diagnosis in deaths involving hypoxia.
  • This study highlights the potential utility of MC analysis in forensic pathology for determining cause of death.