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Group B streptococcal neonatal parotitis
Filipa Dias Costa1, Daniel Ramos Andrade2, Filipa Inês Cunha3
1Pediatric Department, Figueira da Foz Hospital, Figueira da Foz, Coimbra, Portugal Pediatric Department, Coimbra Hospital and University Centre, Coimbra, Portugal.
BMJ Case Reports
|June 12, 2015
Summary
Acute neonatal parotitis (ANP) is rare, often caused by Staphylococcus aureus. This case highlights Group B Streptococcus (GBS) as a potential pathogen in neonatal parotitis, emphasizing its inclusion in differential diagnoses.
Area of Science:
- Neonatal Medicine
- Pediatric Infectious Diseases
- Microbiology
Background:
- Acute neonatal parotitis (ANP) is an uncommon condition presenting with parotid gland inflammation in newborns.
- Staphylococcus aureus is the most frequently identified pathogen in ANP cases.
Observation:
- A 13-day-old term infant presented with irritability, poor feeding, and right parotid swelling.
- Clinical signs included fever, neutrophilia, elevated C-reactive protein, and procalcitonin.
- Ultrasound confirmed findings consistent with acute parotitis.
Findings:
- The infant was diagnosed with late-onset Group B Streptococcus (GBS) bacteremia concurrently with ANP.
- Serum amylase levels were normal, ruling out pancreatic involvement.
- The patient responded well to empiric and targeted antibiotic therapy, with discharge after 10 days.
Implications:
- This case underscores the importance of considering GBS as a causative agent in neonatal parotitis.
- Expanding the differential diagnosis for ANP can lead to timely and appropriate treatment.
- Early recognition and management are crucial for favorable outcomes in neonatal infections.
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