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Acute Coronary Syndrome In HIV Naïve Patient With Low CD4 Count And No Other Significant Risk Factors: Case Report

Zaher Fanari1, Sumaya Hammami1, Muhammad Baraa Hammami1

  • 1Department of Cardiology, Christian Care Health System, Newark, Delaware.

Open Journal of Clinical & Medical Case Reports
|June 12, 2015
PubMed

Insights

Coronary artery disease (CAD) is the primary cause of death in Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) patients. Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) presentations, like myocardial infarction (MI), are common in middle-aged men with HIV.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Coronary artery disease (CAD) is a significant concern in Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)-infected individuals.
  • HIV patients face a higher mortality rate due to CAD compared to the general population.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the characteristics and prevalence of coronary artery disease (CAD) in patients with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV).
  • To understand the typical presentation and coronary anatomy in HIV-infected individuals experiencing acute coronary syndrome (ACS).

Main Methods:

  • Review of clinical data from HIV-infected patients presenting with acute coronary syndrome (ACS).
  • Analysis of patient demographics, clinical presentation, and coronary angiography findings.
  • Comparison of coronary artery disease prevalence with non-HIV controls.

Main Results:

  • The typical patient is a male in his mid-to-late 40s presenting with acute myocardial infarction (MI), often with ST-segment elevation.
  • Coronary anatomy findings are variable, with some studies indicating a higher prevalence of single-vessel disease and others showing increased multi-vessel disease in HIV patients compared to controls.
  • Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) is the most common manifestation of CAD in this population.

Conclusions:

  • Coronary artery disease (CAD) represents a leading cause of mortality in Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) patients.
  • Early recognition and management of ACS are crucial in HIV-infected individuals.
  • Further research is needed to elucidate the specific mechanisms driving CAD in HIV and optimize treatment strategies.

Keywords:
Acute Coronary SyndromeAntiretroviral therapyCoronary Artery diseaseHuman Immunodeficiency VirusMyocardial Infarction

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