[Ischemic stroke as a complex polygenic disease]

In the modern world acute cerebrovascular accidents (strokes) are one of the most important sociomedical problems due to their high share in the structure of morbidity, invalidization and mortality of the population. The main part of strokes is ischemic stroke (IS). IS is a complex (multifactorial) polygenic disease, i.e. develops as a result of interactions between risk factors and genetic components that determine a joint contribution of the sets of independently acting or interacting polymorphic genes. Currently, the search for a genetic predisposition to IS uses two main methods that are based on the analysis of the association between the polymorphic regions of the genome and disease: a candidate gene approach and genome-wide association studies, followed by a meta-analysis of the received results. In this work we reviewed the literature on genetic susceptibility to IS. It showed progress in this direction, which can be the starting point for the study of the molecular mechanisms determining the pathophysiology of IS. However to a full solution of the problem of identification of the genetic risk factors applicable for the individual prognosis of predisposition to IS, still very far, mainly due to the low replication of results. The way to solve this problem lies through the study of ethnically homogeneous populations and clinically different forms of IS.