Sarcoid lung.

Area of Science:

• Pulmonology
• Infectious Diseases
• Immunology

Background:

• Sarcoidosis is a multisystem inflammatory disease with variable clinical manifestations.
• Pulmonary involvement is the most common presentation and a leading cause of sarcoidosis-related morbidity and mortality.
• Tuberculosis remains a significant public health concern in certain regions, including Portugal.

Observation:

• The authors report a unique case involving sequential occurrence of tuberculosis and sarcoidosis.
• A patient with a history of treated lymphatic tuberculosis was diagnosed with sarcoidosis.
• The sarcoidosis presented with an unusual pseudotumoural manifestation.

Findings:

• This case illustrates a rare sequential presentation of lymphatic tuberculosis followed by sarcoidosis.
• The sarcoidosis exhibited an atypical pseudotumoural form, differing from typical presentations.
• The patient's history of tuberculosis was a key factor in the diagnostic process.

Implications:

• This case underscores the need for vigilance in diagnosing sarcoidosis, particularly in patients with prior tuberculosis.
• Atypical presentations of sarcoidosis necessitate a broad differential diagnosis.
• Understanding sequential disease occurrence can improve diagnostic strategies and patient management for both tuberculosis and sarcoidosis.