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Related Concept Videos

Stress: General Loading Conditions01:15

Stress: General Loading Conditions

697
To grasp the intricacy of real-world conditions where multiple loads are applied simultaneously to a structure, one might visualize a section passing through a specific point within a body, aligned parallel to the xy plane. This section is subjected to various forces, including original loads, normal forces, and shearing forces.
The shearing force, possessing potential directionality within the plane of the section, is simplified into two component forces running parallel to the x and y axes....
697
Components of Stress01:23

Components of Stress

646
Stress analysis under multiple loading conditions is intricate, necessitating a comprehensive grasp of normal and shearing stresses. Consider a small cube at point O, subjected to stress on all six faces, visible or not. Normal stress components σx, σy, σz act perpendicularly to the x, y, and z axes. Shearing stress components τxy and τxz are exerted on faces perpendicular to these axes.
Interestingly, the hidden cube faces also experience these stresses, equal and...
646
Applications of Stress01:04

Applications of Stress

774
Consider a structure made of a boom and a rod designed to support a load. These two components are connected by a pin and stabilized by brackets and pins. The boom and the rod are detached from their supports to assess the different stresses imposed on this structure, and a free-body diagram is drawn. Then, all the forces applied, including the load acting on the structure, are identified. The reaction forces exerted on both the boom and the rod are computed using the equilibrium equations.
The...
774
Stresses under Combined Loadings01:23

Stresses under Combined Loadings

552
When analyzing a bent tube with a circular cross-section subjected to multiple forces, it is crucial to determine the stress distribution in order to maintain structural integrity under varied load conditions.
The process begins by slicing the tube at critical points and analyzing the internal forces and stress components at these sections, focusing on the centroid. Normal stresses, generated by axial forces and bending moments, are either compressive or tensile and vary across the section from...
552
Stress Concentrations01:24

Stress Concentrations

847
Stress concentration is when stress intensifies near discontinuities such as holes or abrupt cross-sectional changes in a structural member. This localized stress can often surpass the average stress within the member. The stress distribution in flat bars, either with a circular hole or varying widths connected by fillets, can be determined experimentally using a photoelastic method. The results are based on ratios of geometric parameters like the ratio of the hole's radius to the smaller...
847
Stress Concentrations01:13

Stress Concentrations

787
The concept of stress concentration is crucial for understanding how materials respond under bending stresses, particularly when there are irregularities or discontinuities in the material's geometry. Normally, stress in a symmetric member subjected to pure bending is assumed to be uniformly distributed across the entire cross-section. However, this assumption does not hold when there are variations in the cross-sectional geometry or the presence of notches and holes.
The stress...
787

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Biaxial Basal Tone and Passive Testing of the Murine Reproductive System Using a Pressure Myograph
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Bubbles breaking the wall: Two-dimensional stress and stability analysis.

Jon Alm Eriksen1, Benjy Marks2, Bjørnar Sandnes3

  • 1Department of Physics, University of Oslo, P. O. Box 1048 Blindern, N-0316 Oslo, Norway and Institut de Physique du Globe de Strasbourg, University of Strasbourg/EOST, CNRS, 5 rue Descartes, F-67084 Strasbourg Cedex, France.

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study models how air bubbles deform granular materials, revealing how jamming and arching effects create air channels. Findings explain undulation patterns observed in experiments.

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Area of Science:

  • Geophysics and granular physics
  • Fluid dynamics and porous media flow

Background:

  • Granular materials saturated with fluid show complex dynamics when gas invades.
  • Confined granular systems can exhibit jamming and intermittent behavior due to gas-fluid interfaces.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Investigate the stability of jammed granular layers around air bubbles.
  • Understand the mechanisms of air channel formation in saturated granular media.
  • Model the role of stress components and arching in granular deformation.

Main Methods:

  • Developed a two-dimensional model extending previous effective stress models for jammed packings.
  • Incorporated tangential stress effects and arching phenomena.
  • Performed linear stability analysis to study interface undulations.

Main Results:

  • The model describes the deformation of jammed granular layers around air bubbles.
  • Analysis highlights the influence of stress components on yield stress and threshold.
  • Linear stability analysis predicts unstable wavelengths for interface perturbations.
  • Model predictions align well with experimental measurements of undulation wavelengths.

Conclusions:

  • The study provides a framework for understanding air channel formation in granular media.
  • Effective stress and arching are critical factors in granular deformation dynamics.
  • Linear stability analysis successfully predicts interfacial instability wavelengths.