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Related Concept Videos

Sleep Apnea01:21

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Sleep apnea is a condition where breathing stops intermittently during sleep, often leading to significant health issues. Each episode can last from 10 to 20 seconds or more and is frequently accompanied by a brief arousal from sleep. This disturbance, largely unnoticed by the individual, can lead to severe daytime fatigue. Commonly, individuals seek help after being informed by their partners about loud snoring and noticeable breathing pauses during sleep.
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Respiratory disorders encompass a range of conditions with varying levels of severity. Asthma, marked by chronic airway inflammation and hypersensitivity, is one such condition. It can lead to airway obstruction due to factors like bronchial spasms, mucosal edema, increased mucus secretion, or epithelial damage. Asthma triggers are diverse, ranging from allergens to emotional upset, and treatment focuses on both immediate relief through bronchodilators and long-term inflammation suppression.
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Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) pathophysiology is intricate and multifaceted, involving a complex interplay of physiological processes. Understanding these mechanisms is crucial for effectively managing and treating COPD. Here is an in-depth look at the critical elements in the pathophysiology of COPD:
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Hyperventilation refers to a higher-than-normal rate and depth of breathing, often associated with anxiety attacks. This excessive breathing surpasses the body's need to expel CO2, leading to a condition known as hypocapnia - an unusually low level of carbon dioxide in the blood. Hypocapnia can constrict cerebral blood vessels, reducing blood flow to the brain, which may result in dizziness or fainting. Early signs include tingling and muscle spasms in the hands and face, caused by falling...
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Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a long-lasting respiratory condition requiring continuous attention and care. It is a progressive lung disease that leads to breathing challenges due to airflow obstruction. It manifests as persistent respiratory symptoms and restricted airflow resulting from abnormalities in the airways and alveoli, usually due to long-term exposure to harmful particles or gases. COPD mainly consists of two primary conditions: emphysema and chronic bronchitis.
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Drug-Induced Sleep Endoscopy DISE with Target Controlled Infusion TCI and Bispectral Analysis in Obstructive Sleep Apnea
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Cough in obstructive sleep apnoea.

Kevin Chan1, Alvin Ing2, Surinder S Birring3

  • 1Campbelltown Hospital, University of Western Sydney, Campbelltown, New South Wales, Australia.

Pulmonary Pharmacology & Therapeutics
|June 13, 2015
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Obstructive Sleep Apnoea (OSA) may cause chronic cough, especially when other causes are ruled out. Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) therapy can effectively reduce this cough.

Keywords:
Chronic coughCough hyper sensitivity syndromeGastro-oesophageal refluxObstructive sleep apnoea

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Area of Science:

  • Respiratory Medicine
  • Sleep Medicine

Background:

  • Obstructive Sleep Apnoea (OSA) is increasingly recognized as a potential cause of chronic cough.
  • It should be considered in unexplained cough cases unresponsive to standard treatments.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the association between OSA and chronic cough.
  • To guide clinicians in identifying and managing patients with OSA-related cough.

Main Methods:

  • Clinical observation and literature review regarding OSA and chronic cough.
  • Identification of diagnostic clues such as nocturnal cough, snoring, and gastro-oesophageal reflux.
  • Review of treatment outcomes for Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP) and gastro-oesophageal reflux disease (GERD) management.

Main Results:

  • Nocturnal cough, snoring, and GERD are potential indicators for OSA investigation.
  • Daytime somnolence may be absent in patients with OSA-induced cough.
  • CPAP therapy has shown efficacy in resolving cough in OSA patients.
  • Optimizing GERD treatment is also recommended.

Conclusions:

  • OSA is an important differential diagnosis for chronic refractory cough.
  • Further research is needed to elucidate the mechanisms linking OSA and cough, identify clinical predictors, and establish optimal therapeutic strategies.