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Do Health Professionals Need Additional Competencies for Stratified Cancer Prevention Based on Genetic Risk

Susmita Chowdhury1, Lidewij Henneman2, Tom Dent3

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Summary

Integrating genetic testing for common diseases can personalize prevention. Healthcare professionals need new skills to guide asymptomatic individuals through genetic risk assessment and management, bridging current competency gaps.

Keywords:
common-disease preventioncompetencegenetic riskhealth professionalsknowledgerisk-assessmentrisk-stratified preventionrisk-stratified screeningrisk-toolsskills

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Area of Science:

  • Genomics
  • Preventive Medicine
  • Healthcare Professional Education

Background:

  • Growing evidence supports using genetic information from common variants for population risk stratification and personalized prevention of common diseases, including cancer.
  • Integrating genetic testing into routine risk assessment for asymptomatic individuals necessitates new roles for frontline health professionals.
  • Current genetic competency frameworks for non-specialist health professionals primarily focus on rare inherited diseases, not common complex conditions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the knowledge and skills required for non-genetic health professionals in a risk-stratified prevention model with existing competency recommendations.
  • To identify gaps in current genetic competencies for managing common diseases using genetic susceptibility information.
  • To inform the development of updated training and guidelines for healthcare professionals.

Main Methods:

  • Comparative analysis of required versus existing genetic competencies for non-specialist health professionals.
  • Review of current guidelines and frameworks for genetic competencies in the UK, USA, and Europe.
  • Assessment of knowledge and skills needed for risk stratification and personalized prevention of common diseases.

Main Results:

  • Health professionals require enhanced understanding of common genetic variations' contribution to disease risk.
  • There is a need to comprehend the rationale behind risk-stratified prevention pathways.
  • Professionals must grasp the implications of using genomic information for risk assessment and management in asymptomatic individuals.

Conclusions:

  • Existing genetic competency frameworks are insufficient for implementing risk-stratified prevention of common diseases.
  • Significant gaps exist in the knowledge and skills of non-genetic health professionals regarding common disease genetics.
  • Training and updated guidelines are crucial to equip health professionals for personalized prevention strategies based on genetic susceptibility.