Primary Enteropathy-Associated T-Cell Lymphoma Type 2: An Emerging Entity?

Area of Science:

• Hematology
• Gastroenterology
• Oncology

Background:

• Intestinal T-cell lymphoma is a rare and aggressive hematological malignancy.
• Primary colorectal involvement is uncommon, representing 0.1%–0.5% of colorectal neoplasms.
• Risk factors include inflammatory bowel disease, celiac disease, immunosuppression, and viral infections, though causal links are not established.

Observation:

• A 69-year-old Hispanic man presented with symptoms requiring a surveillance colonoscopy due to a history of polyps.
• The colonoscopy revealed diffuse primary colorectal T-cell lymphoma.
• The patient had no history of autoimmune or genetic diseases.

Findings:

• Immunohistochemical analysis confirmed the lymphoma's T-cell origin.
• The lymphoma was positive for CD3, CD7, CD8, CD43, and Bcl-2.
• The diagnosis of primary colorectal T-cell lymphoma was confirmed.

Implications:

• This case underscores the importance of surveillance colonoscopy in patients with a history of polyps.
• Early diagnosis of rare conditions like intestinal T-cell lymphoma is crucial for patient outcomes.
• Further research into the etiology and management of primary colorectal T-cell lymphoma is warranted.