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Related Concept Videos

Bone Disorders01:29

Bone Disorders

8.7K
Aging and its effect on bone remodeling is the most common cause of bone disorders. In young and healthy people, bone deposition and resorption happen at an equal rate to maintain optimal bone health.
Bone deposition is also affected by the levels of sex hormones like estrogen and testosterone that promote osteoblast activity and bone matrix synthesis. When the level of these hormones decreases due to aging, it causes a reduction in bone deposition. As a result, bone resorption by osteoclasts...
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The Bone Matrix01:18

The Bone Matrix

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Bone contains a relatively small number of cells entrenched in a matrix of collagen fibers that provide an adherent surface for inorganic salt crystals. Both components of the matrix, organic and inorganic, contribute to the unusual properties of bone. Without collagen, bones would be brittle and shatter easily. Without mineral crystals, bones would flex and provide little support. This can be observed by an experiment: when the minerals of a bone are dissolved by soaking the bone in...
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Essential Minerals for Bone Health01:31

Essential Minerals for Bone Health

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The minerals contained in all of the food we consume are essential for our organ systems. However, certain essential minerals, such as calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, manganese, and fluoride, largely affect bone health.
Calcium and Phosphorus
Calcium is a critical component of bones, especially in the form of calcium phosphate and calcium carbonate. Since the body cannot make calcium, it must be obtained from the diet. However, calcium cannot be absorbed from the small intestine without...
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Bone Remodeling01:40

Bone Remodeling

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Bone remodeling is a continuous and balanced process of bone resorption by osteoclasts and bone formation by osteoblasts. In adults, it helps maintain bone mass and calcium homeostasis. While mechanical stress can stimulate turnover as part of the normal maintenance and reparative process, several hormones also regulate bone remodeling.
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Bone as Supporting Connective Tissue01:23

Bone as Supporting Connective Tissue

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Bone tissue forms the internal skeleton of vertebrate animals, providing structure to the body.
Bone Matrix
Bone, or osseous tissue, is a connective tissue that has a large amount of two different types of matrix material. The organic matrix is similar to the matrix material found in other connective tissues, including some amount of collagen and elastic fibers. This gives strength and flexibility to the tissue. The inorganic matrix consists of mineral salts— mostly calcium salts—...
8.1K
Bone Structure01:55

Bone Structure

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Within the skeletal system, the structure of a bone, or osseous tissue, can be exemplified in a long bone, like the femur, where there are two types of osseous tissue: cortical and cancellous.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 10, 2026

Scanning Skeletal Remains for Bone Mineral Density in Forensic Contexts
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Scanning Skeletal Remains for Bone Mineral Density in Forensic Contexts

Published on: January 29, 2018

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Bone Mineral Content and Density.

Christopher T Esapa1,2, J H Duncan Bassett3, Holly Evans4

  • 1MRC Mammalian Genetics Unit, MRC Harwell, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Oxfordshire, United Kingdom.

Current Protocols in Mouse Biology
|June 13, 2015
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

High-throughput and advanced imaging techniques enable detailed longitudinal studies of bone changes in mice. Combining these methods comprehensively characterizes skeletal structure, quality, and underlying disease mechanisms.

Keywords:
Faxitronbiomechanical testingbone densitydual-energy X-ray absorptiometrymicro-computed tomographymouse modelsradiography

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical research
  • Skeletal biology
  • Mouse models

Background:

  • Longitudinal studies of skeletal changes are increasingly feasible with advanced live-mouse techniques.
  • Characterizing bone morphology, quality, and strength requires high-resolution analysis of dissected bones.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To outline a comprehensive approach for skeletal phenotyping in mice.
  • To integrate high-throughput and secondary phenotyping techniques for detailed bone analysis.
  • To elucidate molecular mechanisms of musculoskeletal disorders.

Main Methods:

  • High-throughput techniques: plasma biochemical analysis, radiography, dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA).
  • Secondary phenotyping techniques: histology, histomorphometry, Faxitron digital X-ray microradiography, biomechanical testing, micro-computed tomography.
  • Application of these methods in live mice and dissected bones.

Main Results:

  • Combined techniques allow for thorough characterization of bone structure and quality.
  • Detailed analysis of bone mineral content, density, morphology, and strength is achievable.
  • Elucidation of molecular underpinnings of musculoskeletal disorders is facilitated.

Conclusions:

  • A multi-technique approach provides a comprehensive understanding of skeletal phenotypes.
  • This integrated strategy is crucial for investigating bone diseases and their mechanisms.
  • Advanced phenotyping aids in the discovery of novel therapeutic targets for skeletal disorders.