Energy transfer efficiency from Cr(3+) to Nd(3+) in solar-pumped laser using transparent Nd/Cr:Y(3)Al(5)O(12)...

We report energy transfer efficiency from Cr³⁺ to Nd³⁺ in Nd (1.0 at.%)/Cr (0.4 at.%) co-doped Y₃Al₅O₁₂ (YAG) transparent ceramics in the laser oscillation states. The laser oscillation has performed using two pumping lasers operating at 808 nm and 561 nm; the former pumps Nd³⁺ directly to create the 1064 nm laser oscillation, whereas the latter assists the performance via Cr³⁺ absorption and sequential energy transfer to Nd³⁺. From the laser output power properties and laser mode analysis, the energy transfer efficiency was determined to be around 65%, which is close to that obtained from the spontaneous Nd³⁺ emission.