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    Area of Science:

    • Laser physics and optics.
    • Coherence theory.

    Background:

    • Spatial coherence in lasers is crucial for applications.
    • Previous methods offered limited control over spatial coherence.
    • Modified degenerate cavity lasers allow for coherence manipulation.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To extend spatial coherence control in lasers.
    • To demonstrate general manipulation of laser spatial coherence properties.
    • To investigate the relationship between mask geometry and spatial coherence.

    Main Methods:

    • Utilizing sophisticated intra-cavity masks within a modified degenerate cavity laser.
    • Employing masks with geometries such as variable slits, double apertures, annular rings, and circular aperture arrays.
    • Analyzing the resulting spatial coherence properties based on the Van Cittert Zernike theorem.

    Main Results:

    • Spatial coherence is controllable by intra-cavity mask geometry.
    • A variable slit allowed independent control of coherence along one axis.
    • Double apertures, annular rings, and aperture arrays generated cosine, Bessel, and comb coherence patterns, respectively.

    Conclusions:

    • Intra-cavity mask geometry is a powerful tool for tailoring laser spatial coherence.
    • The Van Cittert Zernike theorem accurately predicts coherence behavior based on mask design.
    • This method offers versatile control over laser beam properties for advanced applications.