Xanthogranulomatous Pyelonephritis Associated with Hepatic Dysfunction in Pregnancy

Area of Science:

• Nephrology
• Obstetrics
• Pathology

Background:

• Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis (XGP) is a rare, chronic inflammatory kidney disease.
• It involves the replacement of renal parenchyma with foamy macrophages.
• Surgical intervention, typically nephrectomy, is the primary treatment for XGP.

Purpose of the Study:

• To report an extremely rare case of XGP during pregnancy.
• To discuss the clinical presentation and management of XGP in a pregnant patient.
• To highlight the association of XGP with hepatic dysfunction in pregnancy.

Main Methods:

• Case report of a 32-week pregnant woman diagnosed with XGP.
• Clinical evaluation, diagnostic imaging, and laboratory tests were performed.
• Management strategies were considered in the context of pregnancy and hepatic dysfunction.

Main Results:

• A rare case of XGP was identified in a 32-week pregnant patient.
• The patient presented with symptoms suggestive of renal and hepatic compromise.
• This case adds to the limited literature on XGP in pregnancy.

Conclusions:

• Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis is an exceptionally rare complication during pregnancy.
• The presence of XGP in pregnancy necessitates careful diagnostic and therapeutic considerations.
• Associated hepatic dysfunction requires integrated management during pregnancy.