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Surgical Treatment of Postpneumonectomy Syndrome with Tissue Expanders in Children

Hee Suk Jung1, Jee Won Suh1, Tae Hoon Kim1

  • 1Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine.

The Korean Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery
|June 17, 2015
PubMed

Insights

Postpneumonectomy syndrome (PPS), a rare complication after lung removal, can cause respiratory failure due to mediastinal shift. Tissue expanders offer a novel treatment for PPS in patients with esophageal atresia.

Area of Science:

  • Thoracic Surgery
  • Pediatric Surgery
  • Critical Care Medicine

Background:

  • Postpneumonectomy syndrome (PPS) is a rare but serious complication following lung removal surgery.
  • It is characterized by respiratory compromise due to bronchial compression from mediastinal shift, occurring more frequently in pediatric patients.
  • Current treatments for PPS include aortopexy and various implantable devices.

Observation:

  • This report details two pediatric cases of PPS following right pneumonectomy.
  • Both patients had a history of esophageal atresia, a condition often associated with complex thoracic anomalies.
  • The primary complication observed was severe mediastinal shift leading to bronchial compression and respiratory failure.

Findings:

  • The study successfully utilized tissue expanders to correct PPS in both patients.
  • Tissue expanders provided a method for gradual volume restoration in the hemithorax, counteracting mediastinal shift.
  • This approach led to significant clinical improvement and resolution of respiratory distress.

Implications:

  • Tissue expanders represent a promising and effective treatment modality for postpneumonectomy syndrome, particularly in pediatric patients with complex conditions like esophageal atresia.
  • This technique may offer an alternative to existing surgical interventions, potentially improving outcomes and quality of life.
  • Further research is warranted to evaluate the long-term efficacy and safety of tissue expanders in managing PPS.

Keywords:
Esophageal atresiaPneumonectomyTissue expansion devices

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