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Conditional discriminations, symmetry, and semantic priming.

Manish Vaidya1, Caleb D Hudgins2, Daniele Ortu1

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Summary

Researchers explored semantic priming using arbitrary shapes. Participants showed faster reaction times when shapes from the same trained relations were presented, suggesting simple stimulus relations can mimic symbolic behavior.

Keywords:
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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Behavioral Science
  • Experimental Psychology

Background:

  • Semantic priming, where related words are processed faster, is well-documented in natural language.
  • This effect has primarily been studied using real words as stimuli.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if laboratory-generated stimulus-stimulus relations between arbitrary shapes exhibit semantic priming.
  • To determine if equivalence relations can serve as analogues for symbolic behavior.

Main Methods:

  • Participants learned conditional relations (e.g., A1-B1, A1-C1) with arbitrary shapes.
  • Symmetry of trained stimulus functions was tested.
  • A lexical decision task was employed to measure reaction times to prime-target stimuli pairs.

Main Results:

  • Participants demonstrated faster reaction times when prime and target stimuli belonged to the same trained or derived conditional relations.
  • This priming effect was observed even with arbitrary shapes and learned relations.
  • The results suggest that simpler stimulus-stimulus relations can produce semantic priming-like effects.

Conclusions:

  • Laboratory-generated equivalence relations can function as useful analogues for symbolic behavior.
  • The semantic priming effect may arise from basic stimulus-stimulus relations, not solely complex symbolic processing.
  • Conditional relations training and symmetry alone appear sufficient to generate these effects.