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Aligned multilayered electrospun scaffolds for rotator cuff tendon tissue engineering.

Steven B Orr1, Abby Chainani2, Kirk J Hippensteel1

  • 1Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA.

Acta Biomaterialia
|June 17, 2015
PubMed
Summary

A novel multilayered electrospinning technique improved rotator cuff repair scaffolds. Aligned scaffolds promoted cell infiltration and collagen deposition, enhancing mechanical properties for better tendon healing.

Keywords:
Adipose-derived stem cellElectrospinningMicrofiberNanofiberTissue engineering

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Tissue Engineering
  • Orthopedic Surgery

Background:

  • Rotator cuff tears are a significant clinical issue, with high re-tear rates after surgical repair.
  • Current augmentation methods for rotator cuff repair have limitations, including inadequate mechanical properties and slow cellular infiltration.
  • Tissue-engineered scaffolds, particularly electrospun ones, offer a promising alternative but face challenges in cell infiltration and scalability.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate a novel multilayered electrospinning technique for creating aligned scaffolds for rotator cuff repair.
  • To assess cell infiltration, collagen deposition, and mechanical properties of aligned versus nonaligned scaffolds.
  • To determine the potential of aligned scaffolds to enhance tendon healing and repair outcomes.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of multilayered poly(ε-caprolactone) scaffolds using a novel hybrid alignment technique.
  • Seeding scaffolds with human adipose-derived stem cells to evaluate cell infiltration and extracellular matrix deposition.
  • Comparison of aligned scaffolds with nonaligned scaffolds for collagen alignment, gene expression, and mechanical properties.

Main Results:

  • Both aligned and nonaligned multilayered scaffolds showed rapid cell infiltration and ECM deposition within 28 days.
  • Aligned scaffolds exhibited significantly higher expression of tenomodulin compared to nonaligned scaffolds.
  • Aligned scaffolds demonstrated aligned collagen fibrils, leading to increased yield stress and Young's modulus.

Conclusions:

  • The novel multilayered electrospinning technique successfully produced aligned scaffolds with enhanced mechanical properties and collagen alignment.
  • Aligned scaffolds show potential for improving rotator cuff repair by promoting better tendon integration and mechanical strength.
  • This approach addresses key limitations of current tissue engineering strategies for massive rotator cuff tears.