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Related Concept Videos

Drugs for Treatment of Ulcerative Colitis in IBD01:29

Drugs for Treatment of Ulcerative Colitis in IBD

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Ulcerative colitis is a chronic inflammatory condition primarily affecting the colon and rectum. The primary drugs used in the treatment of ulcerative colitis are aminosalicylates. They exhibit anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive properties. They modulate inflammatory mediators and inhibit the activity of nuclear factor κB (NF-κB). Aminosalicylates also reduce inflammation by inhibiting prostaglandin and leukotriene production and decreasing neutrophil chemotaxis and superoxide...
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Drugs for Treatment of Crohn's Disease in IBD Using Immunomodulatory Agents01:29

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Crohn's disease is an inflammatory bowel disorder marked by chronic inflammation of the GI tract. Various treatment strategies for Crohn's disease are employed, such as immunomodulatory agents, glucocorticoids, and biologics or anti-TNF therapy. Azathioprine (Imuran), a commonly used immunomodulatory drug for Crohn's disease, is converted in the body to mercaptopurine, which inhibits purine biosynthesis and cell proliferation. Both are utilized in severe cases of Inflammatory Bowel...
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Inflammatory Bowel Disease IV: Pharmacological Management01:29

Inflammatory Bowel Disease IV: Pharmacological Management

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Upon diagnosis, managing Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) involves addressing several crucial aspects. The primary goals include resting the bowel, correcting malnutrition, and providing symptomatic relief. Resting the bowel may consist of medications to reduce inflammation and promote healing. Correcting malnutrition is essential, often requiring dietary adjustments and nutritional supplements. Symptomatic relief aims to ease pain, diarrhea, and other discomforts in IBD.
Pharmacologic...
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Drugs Affecting GI Tract Motility: Adsorbents as Antidiarrheal Agents01:20

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Diarrhea is characterized by the occurrence of frequent, watery bowel movements. Various factors can trigger diarrhea, including viral or bacterial infections, foodborne illnesses, side effects from certain medications, and underlying digestive disorders. If not adequately managed, diarrhea can lead to complications such as dehydration, electrolyte imbalances, and nutrient deficiencies. Severe diarrhea can lead to significant weight loss, malnutrition, and weakened immune function.
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Drugs for Treatment of Crohn's Disease in IBD Using Glucocorticoids01:21

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Glucocorticoids, a class of anti-inflammatory drugs, are pivotal in treating moderate to severe Crohn's disease by inducing remission. They exhibit their anti-inflammatory action by inhibiting the production of inflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-1, and chemokines like IL-8. In addition, they reduce the expression of inflammatory cell adhesion molecules and inhibit gene transcription of nitric oxide synthase, phospholipase A2, cyclooxygenase-2...
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Inflammatory Bowel Disease I: Ulcerative Colitis01:27

Inflammatory Bowel Disease I: Ulcerative Colitis

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Introduction
Inflammatory bowel disease, or IBD, encompasses a group of disorders characterized by chronic inflammation or ulceration of the gastrointestinal tract.
Risk Factors
The exact cause of IBD remains unclear, although it is believed to be due to a mix of genetic, environmental, microbial, and immune factors. Genetic factors are significant in determining susceptibility to IBD, with family history being a critical risk factor. Individuals with a first-degree relative who has IBD are at...
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Fucoidan Extracts Ameliorate Acute Colitis.

Qi Ying Lean1, Rajaraman D Eri2, J Helen Fitton3

  • 1Pharmacy, School of Medicine, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia; University of Technology MARA, Puncak Alam, Selangor, Malaysia.

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Oral fucoidan preparations significantly reduced inflammation and symptoms in a mouse model of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). These findings suggest fucoidans may offer a novel nutraceutical approach for managing IBD.

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Area of Science:

  • Marine biotechnology
  • Pharmacology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) present a significant health burden with current treatments lacking long-term efficacy and causing adverse effects.
  • Fucoidans, sulfated polysaccharides from brown algae, exhibit anti-inflammatory properties, indicating therapeutic potential.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of two fucoidan preparations (Maritech Synergy and depyrogenated fucoidan - DPF) in a dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced mouse model of acute colitis.

Main Methods:

  • Mice with DSS-induced colitis were treated daily for 7 days with oral or intraperitoneal fucoidan.
  • Colitis severity was assessed through body weight, diarrhea, fecal blood loss, colon and spleen weight, and histological analysis.
  • Pro-inflammatory cytokine levels in colon tissue were measured.

Main Results:

  • Oral administration of both Synergy and DPF significantly ameliorated colitis symptoms, including weight loss, diarrhea, and fecal blood loss.
  • Oral fucoidan treatment reduced colon and spleen weight, indicating decreased inflammation and edema.
  • Histological analysis revealed alleviation of crypt damage and immune cell infiltration, correlating with a significant reduction in over 15 pro-inflammatory cytokines.

Conclusions:

  • Oral fucoidan preparations demonstrate significant anti-inflammatory effects in DSS-induced colitis.
  • Fucoidans represent a promising novel nutraceutical option for managing inflammatory bowel diseases.