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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 9, 2026

Identification and Quantification of Decomposition Mechanisms in Lithium-Ion Batteries; Input to Heat Flow Simulation for Modeling Thermal Runaway
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Transient Rechargeable Batteries Triggered by Cascade Reactions.

Kun Fu1, Zhen Liu1, Yonggang Yao1

  • 1†Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, United States.

Nano Letters
|June 18, 2015
PubMed
Summary

Researchers developed the first transient rechargeable batteries using dissoluble electrodes and biodegradable materials. These batteries disappear on demand in water, paving the way for transient electronics.

Keywords:
cascade reactionsrechargeable batteriestransient electronicsvanadium oxide (V2O5)

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Electrochemistry
  • Sustainable Technology

Background:

  • Transient electronics offer temporary functionality, crucial for applications requiring controlled device lifespans.
  • Existing transient power sources often lack rechargeability or rely on complex degradation mechanisms.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To demonstrate the first transient rechargeable batteries.
  • To utilize dissoluble electrodes and biodegradable materials for transient power.
  • To enable self-powered transient electronic systems.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of transient rechargeable batteries using V2O5 (cathode) and lithium metal (anode).
  • Incorporation of biodegradable polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) separator and sodium alginate casing.
  • Testing component stability in lithium-ion battery organic electrolyte and water-triggered degradation.

Main Results:

  • Successful demonstration of transient rechargeable batteries with dissoluble electrodes and biodegradable components.
  • Complete disappearance of battery components in water within minutes via triggered cascade reactions.
  • Fabrication of a miniature transient device (0.5 cm x 1 cm, 0.1 J) using a cut-and-stack method.

Conclusions:

  • The developed transient rechargeable batteries are compatible with traditional lithium-ion battery electrolytes.
  • The materials and fabrication methods are suitable for transient electronics manufacturing.
  • This work demonstrates the feasibility of integrating transient power sources into future transient electronic systems.