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A Highly Specific, Fully Validated Urinary Ethyl Glucuronide Analysis Using Solid Phase Extraction-Liquid

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Area of Science:

  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Forensic Toxicology
  • Clinical Chemistry

Background:

  • Ethyl glucuronide (EtG) is a direct metabolite of ethanol, detectable in urine days after alcohol consumption.
  • Accurate EtG quantification is crucial for monitoring alcohol abstinence in treatment programs and in forensic investigations.
  • Existing methods may require improvement in specificity and sensitivity for reliable EtG detection.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and validate a highly specific and selective liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC/MS/MS) method for quantitative EtG determination in urine.
  • To establish a reliable analytical tool for monitoring alcohol use, particularly in clinical and forensic settings.

Main Methods:

  • Development and validation of an LC/MS/MS method for ethyl glucuronide (EtG) quantification in urine.
  • Utilized propyl glucuronide (PrG) as an internal standard to enhance method selectivity.
  • Employed solid-phase extraction (SPE) for sample cleanup and a C18 column for chromatographic separation.
  • Validated parameters included selectivity, linearity, LOD, LOQ, precision, and recovery.

Main Results:

  • The developed LC/MS/MS method demonstrated high specificity and selectivity for EtG determination.
  • The limit of detection (LOD) was 90.8 ng/mL and the limit of quantification (LOQ) was 185.0 ng/mL.
  • Intraday and interday precision were within acceptable limits, confirmed by HorRat values.
  • The method showed excellent performance in real-world sample analysis.

Conclusions:

  • The validated LC/MS/MS method provides a reliable and accurate solution for quantifying EtG in urine.
  • This method is suitable for monitoring patients undergoing alcohol addiction treatment.
  • The assay is applicable to both antemortem and postmortem toxicological investigations, aiding in alcohol use assessment.