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Current Clinical Care of Older Adults With Sarcopenia
Helen C Roberts1, Richard Dodds2, Avan A Sayer1
1Academic Geriatric Medicine and MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit, University of Southampton, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK; MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit; NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton and University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK; University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, NIHR CLAHRC:Wessex, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1FH, UK.
Abstract:
As sarcopenia is common and associated with risk of adverse health consequences, strategies for clinical care of such patients are needed. Individuals with slow gait speed (<0.8 m/s) should be evaluated for low grip strength and low muscle mass. Progressive resistance exercise in patients with sarcopenia is beneficial, but evidence for protein or vitamin D supplementation is inconclusive. Comprehensive geriatric assessment with involvement of a multidisciplinary team enables clinicians to optimize treatment of complex older individuals with sarcopenia.
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Bone deposition is also affected by the levels of sex hormones like estrogen and testosterone that promote osteoblast activity and bone matrix synthesis. When the level of these hormones decreases due to aging, it causes a reduction in bone deposition. As a result, bone resorption by osteoclasts...