Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Perceiving Loudness, Pitch, and Location01:21

Perceiving Loudness, Pitch, and Location

1.3K
The human brain perceives pitch through two primary mechanisms reflected in place theory and frequency theory. Each mechanism describes how sound waves are interpreted as specific pitches by the brain, offering insights into the intricate processes of auditory perception.
Place theory, or place coding, suggests that different pitches are heard because various sound waves activate specific locations along the cochlea's basilar membrane. The brain determines the pitch of a sound by...
1.3K
Perception of Sound Waves01:01

Perception of Sound Waves

6.0K
The human ear is not equally sensitive to all frequencies in the audible range. It may perceive sound waves with the same pressure but different frequencies as having different loudness. Moreover, the perception of sound waves depends on the health of an individual's ears, which decays with age. The health of one's ears may also be affected by regular exposure to loud noises.
The pitch of a sound depends on the frequency and the pressure amplitude of the source. Two sounds of the same...
6.0K
Hearing01:31

Hearing

58.9K
When we hear a sound, our nervous system is detecting sound waves—pressure waves of mechanical energy traveling through a medium. The frequency of the wave is perceived as pitch, while the amplitude is perceived as loudness.
58.9K
Auditory Pathway01:15

Auditory Pathway

9.0K
Auditory pathways constitute the complex neural circuits responsible for transmitting and interpreting auditory information from the peripheral auditory system to the brain. Sound waves are initially captured by the outer ear, funneled through the ear canal, and reach the tympanic membrane (eardrum). These vibrations are transmitted via the middle ear's ossicles to the inner ear's cochlea.
When viewed cross-sectionally, the cochlea reveals the scala vestibuli and scala tympani flanking...
9.0K
The Cochlea01:13

The Cochlea

52.7K
The cochlea is a coiled structure in the inner ear that contains hair cells—the sensory receptors of the auditory system. Sound waves are transmitted to the cochlea by small bones attached to the eardrum called the ossicles, which vibrate the oval window that leads to the inner ear. This causes fluid in the chambers of the cochlea to move, vibrating the basilar membrane.
52.7K
Sound Waves: Interference00:53

Sound Waves: Interference

5.2K
Sound waves can be modeled either as longitudinal waves, wherein the molecules of the medium oscillate around an equilibrium position, or as pressure waves. When two identical waves from the same source superimpose on each other, the combination of two crests or two troughs results in amplitude reinforcement known as constructive interference. If two identical waves, that are initially in phase, become out of phase because of different path lengths, the combination of crests with troughs...
5.2K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

"Metal" and "Density" in Phonation according to Complete Vocal Technique: Double-Case Study with Special Reference to Vocal Efficiency and Economy.

Folia phoniatrica et logopaedica : official organ of the International Association of Logopedics and Phoniatrics (IALP)·2026
Same author

Automatic detection of Parkinsonian speech using wavelet scattering features.

JASA express letters·2025
Same author

Automatic Classification of Strain in the Singing Voice Using Machine Learning.

Journal of voice : official journal of the Voice Foundation·2025
Same author

The machine learning-based prediction of the sound pressure level from pathological and healthy speech signals.

The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America·2025
Same author

Effects of stimulus polarity on the local evoked potential in auditory brainstem implant users.

Scientific reports·2025
Same author

Effects of Spoken Phones and Patient Characteristics on Respiratory Aerosol Emission.

Journal of voice : official journal of the Voice Foundation·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 9, 2026

A Method to Study Adaptation to Left-Right Reversed Audition
07:14

A Method to Study Adaptation to Left-Right Reversed Audition

Published on: October 29, 2018

7.0K

Neural realignment of spatially separated sound components.

Nelli H Salminen1, Marko Takanen2, Olli Santala2

  • 1Brain and Mind Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Engineering and Computational Science, Aalto University School of Science, P.O. Box 12200, Aalto, FI-00076, Finland.

The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America
|June 22, 2015
PubMed
Summary

The brain merges spatially separated sounds into one auditory object, making it harder to identify and locate them. Neural representations in the auditory cortex prioritize perceived location over physical sound origins.

More Related Videos

An Automated System for Sound Localization Testing in Hearing-Impaired Listeners
07:56

An Automated System for Sound Localization Testing in Hearing-Impaired Listeners

Published on: March 13, 2026

115
Mapping Cortical Dynamics Using Simultaneous MEG/EEG and Anatomically-constrained Minimum-norm Estimates: an Auditory Attention Example
08:45

Mapping Cortical Dynamics Using Simultaneous MEG/EEG and Anatomically-constrained Minimum-norm Estimates: an Auditory Attention Example

Published on: October 24, 2012

15.4K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Apr 9, 2026

A Method to Study Adaptation to Left-Right Reversed Audition
07:14

A Method to Study Adaptation to Left-Right Reversed Audition

Published on: October 29, 2018

7.0K
An Automated System for Sound Localization Testing in Hearing-Impaired Listeners
07:56

An Automated System for Sound Localization Testing in Hearing-Impaired Listeners

Published on: March 13, 2026

115
Mapping Cortical Dynamics Using Simultaneous MEG/EEG and Anatomically-constrained Minimum-norm Estimates: an Auditory Attention Example
08:45

Mapping Cortical Dynamics Using Simultaneous MEG/EEG and Anatomically-constrained Minimum-norm Estimates: an Auditory Attention Example

Published on: October 24, 2012

15.4K

Area of Science:

  • Auditory neuroscience
  • Psychoacoustics
  • Cognitive science

Background:

  • Natural auditory scenes contain overlapping sounds from multiple spatial locations.
  • Auditory grouping mechanisms can fuse spatially separated sounds, hindering sound identification and localization.
  • The brain's processing of spatial information in complex auditory scenes is not fully understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the neural mechanisms underlying auditory grouping across spatial locations.
  • To determine how the brain represents the spatial information of sounds that are perceptually grouped.

Main Methods:

  • Magnetoencephalography (MEG) recordings were used to measure brain activity.
  • Participants were presented with speech sounds (vowels) spatially separated into two distinct locations.
  • Cortical representations were analyzed in relation to perceived and physical sound locations.

Main Results:

  • The brain's cortical representation of a spatially separated vowel reflected its perceived location, not the physical locations of its components.
  • Neural representations were reorganized to align spatially separated components deemed to belong to the same auditory object.
  • This neural rearrangement made the original physical spatial information unavailable at the auditory cortex level.

Conclusions:

  • Auditory grouping across space involves a neural rearrangement that prioritizes perceived object identity over precise physical location.
  • This mechanism may explain difficulties in segregating and identifying concurrent sounds in complex auditory environments.
  • Understanding these neural processes is crucial for addressing challenges in auditory perception.